Development of direction selectivity in retina

视网膜方向选择性的发展

• 批准号: 10061596
• 负责人: Marla Feller
• 金额: $ 36.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10061596
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Anatomy; Automobile Driving; Calcium; Cell physiology; Data; Development; Developmental Process; Electrophysiology (science); Eye; Generations; Genetic; Goals; Image; Inhibitory Synapse; Interneurons; Left; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Motion; Movement; Mus; Neurons; Null Lymphocytes; Pattern; Pharmacology; Play; Proteins; Reflex action; Research; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Series; Side; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Techniques; Transgenic Mice; Trees; Visual; Work; critical period; dark rearing; experience; experimental study; fluorophore; ganglion cell; mouse model; object motion; oculomotor; optogenetics; prevent; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; starburst amacrine cell; synaptic inhibition; two-photon; vision development

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Direction-selective ganglion cells respond strongly to an image moving in the preferred direction and weakly to an image moving in the opposite, or null direction. Direction-selective ganglion cells are critical for driving ocular-motor reflexes tat stabilize images on the retina as we move through a visual scene as well as for sensing the movement of objects within the visual scene. The preferred directions of direction- selective ganglion cells cluster along the cardinal directions (up, down, left and right). The predominant model for the generation of direction selectivity in the retina is that a particular class of interneurons forms inhibitory synapses on the null side of the dendritic tree of direction-selectiv ganglion cells. The mechanisms that instruct the emergence of preferred directions and the circuits that underlie these mechanisms during development are unknown. Here we propose to use a combination of state-of-the-art electrophysiological, two- photon imaging and optogenetic techniques to determine the mechanisms that underlie the development of two essential features of direction-selectivity - the emergence of preferred directions, and the circuits that create null side inhibition. In particular, we will determine if visual experience plays a criticalrole in the formation of these circuits.

 描述（由适用提供）：方向选择性神经节细胞对沿首选方向移动的图像的反应强烈，并且对沿相反方向移动的图像弱响应。方向选择性神经节细胞对于驱动眼动反射至关重要，因为我们在视觉场景中移动以及感知视觉场景中物体的运动时，在视网膜上稳定了图像。方向选择性神经节细胞的首选方向沿着基本方向（向上，向下，左右）聚集。在视网膜中产生方向选择性的主要模型是，特定类别的中间神经元在树突树的零侧形成了抑制性突触，这些抑制性突触是定向选择神经节细胞的。指导首选方向出现的机制以及在开发过程中这些机制构成的电路的机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们建议将最先进的电生理学，两光子成像和光遗传学技术结合起来，以确定方向选择性的两个基本特征的发展的机制 - 首选方向的出现以及产生无侧侧抑制的电路。特别是，我们将确定视觉体验在这些电路的形成中是否起着至关重要的作用。