Development of direction selectivity in the retina

视网膜方向选择性的发展

• 批准号: 7876825
• 负责人: Marla Feller
• 金额: $ 31.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7876825
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Amacrine Cells; Animals; Arts; Automobile Driving; Cells; Chemicals; Congenital Abnormality; Connexins; Development; Dorsal; Exhibits; Exposure to; Eye; Eyelid structure; Fetus; Generations; Goals; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Inhibitory Synapse; Interneurons; Laboratories; Lateral; Lead; Left; Mediating; Modeling; Motion; Mus; Nervous system structure; Neurologic; Nose; Pattern; Photic Stimulation; Physiology; Play; Process; Reflex action; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Side; Synapses; Techniques; Technology; Time; Trees; Vision; Visual; Visual Fields; Visual system structure; Work; density; design; experience; ganglion cell; insight; neural circuit; neuropathology; nodal myocyte; object motion; oculomotor; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; response; vision development

Direction-selective ganglion cells respond strongly to an image moving in the preferred direction and weakly to an image moving in the opposite, or null direction, and are critical for driving ocular-motor reflexes that stabilize images on the retina as we move through a visual scene. The preferred direction of direction-selective ganglion cells cluster along the cardinal directions (up, down, left and right) and the direction-selective ganglion cells sensitive to each cardinal direction are organized into mosaics such that at each point in space, each direction of motion is represented. The predominant model for the generation of direction selectivity in the retina is that a particular class of interneurons form inhibitory synapses on the null side of the dendritic tree of directionselective ganglion cells. The mechanisms that instruct the emergence of mosaics comprised of cells that receive an asymmetric distribution of inhibitory inputs during development are unknown. Our long-term goal is to determine the mechanisms that underlie the development of these two essential features of direction-selectivity - the circuits that underlie the null side inhibition and the existence of direction-selective ganglion cells mosaics. In particular, we will determine whether spontaneous retinal activity plays a critical role in the formation of these circuits. Here we propose to use a combination of state-of-the-art electrophysiological and imaging techniques to determine the age at which directional circuits are established.

方向选择性神经节细胞对在 首选方向，弱地沿相反或无效的图像移动，并且 对于驾驶眼动反射至关重要 在视觉场景中移动。方向选择神经节细胞的首选方向 沿着基本方向（向上，向下，左右）和方向选择性聚类 对每个基本方向敏感的神经节细胞被组织成镶嵌物，以便 在空间中的每个点，每个运动方向都表示。主要模型 在视网膜中产生方向选择性的是特定类别 中间神经元形成抑制性突触，在树突状树的零侧 神经节细胞。指导马赛克出现的机制 由在期间接受抑制输入不对称分布的细胞组成 发展是未知的。 我们的长期目标是确定发展的基础的机制 在这两个方向选择性的基本特征中 - 零下的电路 侧抑制和方向选择性神经节细胞镶嵌的存在。在 特别是，我们将确定自发性视网膜活动在 这些电路的形成。在这里，我们建议将最先进的组合 电生理和成像技术，以确定定向的年龄 建立了电路。