Dimensions of Child Adversity and Health Risk Behaviors in Young Adulthood

儿童逆境的维度和青少年时期的健康风险行为

基本信息

批准号：
10023436
负责人：
Susannah Claire Zietz
金额：
$ 7.49万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-11-01 至 2022-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10023436
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent and Young Adult Adult Adverse event Affect Affective Alcohol abuse American Area Asia Behavioral Child Child Behavior Child Development Child Rearing Childhood Cognitive Collaborations Communities Country Cultural Diversity Data Data Set Decision Making Development Dimensions Domestic Violence Elements Emotional Environment Europe Exposure to Family Family Policy Fellowship Foundations Funding Future Growth Health Health behavior Human Income Individual Individual Adjustment Institutionalization Interpersonal Violence Intervention Investigation Journals Knowledge Literature Longitudinal cohort Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Memory Modeling National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neighborhoods Neurobiology Neurologic Neuropsychology Neurosciences Outcome Parents Participant Pathway interactions Peru Population Poverty Psychological adjustment Psychology Psychopathology Public Health Public Policy Publishing Reproducibility of Results Research Research Personnel Research Priority Research Project Grants Research Training Risk Risk Behaviors Role Schools Science Sexual abuse Short-Term Memory Social Adjustment Source Time Training United States Universities Violence Work Youth adverse outcome behavioral outcome career childhood adversity cognitive function cognitive reappraisal cohort deprivation early childhood emerging adult emotion regulation experience falls follow-up high risk improved insight longitudinal dataset low and middle-income countries middle childhood migration neglect prevent psychologic psychosocial psychosocial adjustment sexual risk taking skills stressor young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT ABSTRACT Child adversity is a global public health problem. Exposure to childhood adversity such as physical/sexual abuse, domestic violence, community violence, poverty, neglect, and institutionalization is common;; estimates range from 12% in Europe to 64% in Asia. Childhood adversity impacts both neurological and psychological development and is frequently found to be a strong predictor of adverse outcomes in adulthood, including risk behaviors such as interpersonal violence, alcohol problems, and sexual risk-taking. Contrary to the cumulative risk model, the predominant framework used to explain this relationship, distinguishing between deprivation and threat, the Dimensional Model of Adversity and Psychopathology argues that there are unique emotional, cognitive, and neurobiological pathways that underlie the association between dimensions of child adversity and developmental outcomes. However, importantly, there have not been studies from low- and-middle income country contexts, where it is possible that the environmental and cultural context could moderate the relationship between adversity and cognitive functioning. The burden of psychological conditions falls heavily in these countries. However, psychological research focuses narrowly on Americans, who comprise less than 5 percent of the world’s population. The specific aims of this research are to: (1) Identify the elements of adversity in early and middle childhood and their related risk behavior outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood;; (2) Determine to what extent the relationships in Aim 1 are mediated by different indicators of cognitive functioning and emotional regulation;; (3) Determine to what extent the relationships between the elements of adversity in early and middle childhood and the indicators of cognitive functioning and emotional regulation are moderated by parenting behaviors and cultural norms of parenting;; and (4) To understand the effects of the research cross-culturally and across different longitudinal data sets. This study will utilize longitudinal cohort data from Parenting Across Cultures and Young Lives-Peru. Together, these sources contain 17 waves of data among 3 cohorts, spanning childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood with participants from 10 different countries. This investigation can help to inform intervention strategies to prevent risky behaviors among youth who have been exposed to adverse experiences in childhood. To support the successful execution of this research project and promote the applicant’s growth into an independent investigator, additional training during the fellowship period will be sought to enhance the applicant’s research network, quantitative analysis skills, and subject matter knowledge in developmental neuroscience. Together, this proposed research and training plan will lay the foundation for the applicant’s future career as an independently funded developmental science researcher focused on the cognitive and emotional development of children and youth who have been exposed to adversity.

项目摘要儿童逆境是全球公共卫生问题。暴露于童年的逆境，例如身体/性滥用，家庭暴力，社区暴力，贫穷，忽视和制度化是普遍的；估计从欧洲的12％到亚洲的64％不等。儿童逆境会影响神经和心理学发展，经常被认为是成年后不良后果的有力预测指标，包括风险人际关系暴力，酒精醇问题和性冒险的行为。与累积相反风险模型，用于解释这种关系的主要框架，区分剥夺威胁，逆境和心理病理学的维度模型认为，有独特的情感，认知和神经生物学途径是儿童逆境之间的关联的基础和发展结果。但是，重要的是，尚未从低收入和中间收入进行研究国家环境，环境和文化背景可能会使逆境与认知功能之间的关系。心理状况的负担很大这些国家。但是，心理学研究几乎侧重于美国人，他们符合不到5的水平世界人口的百分比。这项研究的具体目的是：（1）确定早期和中期的逆境以及青少年和年轻人的相关风险行为结果成年; （2）确定目标1中的关系在多大程度上由不同的指标介导认知功能和情感调节；（3）确定在多大程度上童年和中期的逆境元素以及认知功能和情感的指标育儿行为和育儿的文化规范可以调节法规；（4）了解研究在跨文化和跨不同的纵向数据集的影响。这项研究将利用来自跨文化和年轻生活的育儿的纵向人群数据。在一起，这些来源在3个队列中包含17个数据波，跨越童年，青春期和年轻成年来自10个不同国家的参与者。这项投资可以帮助您提供干预策略，以防止在童年时期暴露于不利经历的年轻人中的冒险行为。支持成功执行该研究项目，并将申请人的成长促进独立调查员，将感觉到奖学金期间的其他培训以增强申请人的研究网络，定量分析技能和发育神经科学中的主题知识。一起，拟议的研究和培训计划将为申请人未来职业奠定基础独立资助的发展科学研究人员专注于认知和情感发展暴露于逆境的儿童和青少年。