Prenatal Tobacco and Cannabis Exposure: A Translational Study

产前烟草和大麻暴露：一项转化研究

• 批准号: 9788390
• 负责人: Rina D Eiden
• 金额: $ 20.32万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788390
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adult; Aging; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Animal Model; Animals; Attention; Behavior; Biological; Biological Process; Birth; Birth Weight; Body Weight; Brain; Cannabis; Child; Child Rearing; Childhood; Chronic stress; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Comorbidity; Complex; Corticosterone; Data; Disease; Drug usage; Eating; Etiology; Exhibits; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Fetal Growth; First Pregnancy Trimester; Goals; Growth; Health; High Fat Diet; Human; Inflammation; Intervention; Light; Low income; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Memory; Metabolic Diseases; Modeling; Motor Activity; Nature; Nicotine; Obesity; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Plasma; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Rattus; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Sex Differences; Short-Term Memory; Sleep disturbances; Stress; Teratogenic effects; Tetrahydrocannabinol; Theoretical model; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Translational Research; Weight Gain; Woman; brain behavior; cognitive function; cognitive performance; cytokine; design; early adolescence; experience; fetal; high risk; human model; human study; infancy; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; middle childhood; nicotine exposure; obesity in children; obesity risk; personalized medicine; polysubstance abuse; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prenatal stress; programs; public health relevance; recruit; response; stress reactivity; sustained attention; tobacco exposure; translational pipeline; translational study; treatment planning; young adult

The broad goal of this application is to address the large public health problem of comorbid use of tobacco and cannabis during pregnancy and increase understanding of mechanisms of effect by using translational science with synergistic human and animal designs. This application consists of an R21 mechanism applied to an existing human sample recruited in the first trimester of pregnancy and assessed repeatedly from pregnancy to early school age, with new data to be collected in middle childhood; and an R33 mechanism applied to a new study using an animal model. The results of the human study have and will continue to inform the design of the animal model, and together, they will both inform the next steps in this program of research. The human study will have four groups of children, demographically matched controls, tobacco exposed, and light and heavy tobacco and cannabis exposed children, while the animal study will include light and heavy exposure groups for tobacco and cannabis and the combination of the two. The animal study will focus on the specific prenatal effects of nicotine (N) and Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), as well as the combination N+THC during early adolescence and young adulthood. There are three specific aims: 1) to examine differences in body weight and behaviors that impact body weight across groups, with the goal of examining associations between prenatal exposure and obesity risk; 2) to examine differences in two critical aspects of cognitive function: attention and working memory; and 3) to examine mechanisms explaining risk including poor fetal growth (human), stress reactivity (human and animal), and inflammation (human and animal). These synergistic aims will then inform the larger program of research with the long term goal of understanding prenatal exposure effects on obesity and metabolic disorders, substance use and risk behaviors, and early aging among these high risk children. This translational study is of high impact in that it will help clinicians to make personalized treatment plans during pregnancy with important implications on childhood through adult health.

该应用程序的广泛目标是解决合并使用烟草和的大型公共卫生问题 怀孕期间大麻并通过使用翻译科学来增加对效应机制的理解 具有协同的人类和动物设计。该应用程序由适用于一个的R21机制组成 现有的人类样本在怀孕的头三个月招募，并从怀孕到反复评估 早期的年龄，新数据将在童年时期收集；和一种适用于新的R33机制 使用动物模型进行研究。人类研究的结果已经并且将继续为 动物模型以及他们将共同为这项研究计划的下一步提供信息。人类研究 将有四组儿童，人口统计匹配的对照，烟草暴露了，轻便而沉重 烟草和大麻暴露了儿童，而动物研究将包括轻便的暴露组 用于烟草和大麻以及两者的组合。动物研究将重点放在特定的产前 尼古丁（N）和四氢大麻酚（THC）以及早期的N+THC的影响 青春期和成年。有三个具体的目的：1）检查体重的差异和 影响各组体重的行为，目的是检查产前之间的关联 暴露和肥胖风险； 2）检查认知功能两个关键方面的差异：注意力和 工作记忆； 3）检查解释风险的机制，包括胎儿生长不良（人），压力 反应性（人和动物）和炎症（人和动物）。这些协同目标将告知 较大的研究计划具有长期目标，即了解产前暴露对肥胖的影响 这些高风险儿童中的代谢障碍，药物使用和风险行为以及早期衰老。 这项翻译研究具有很高的影响，因为它将帮助临床医生制定个性化的治疗计划 在怀孕期间，通过成人健康对童年的重要意义。