A Qualitative Analysis of Social and Behavioral Processes Associated with Self-Change in Drinking in an Existing Cohort of Black and White Emerging Adults

对现有黑人和白人新兴成年人群体饮酒自我改变相关的社会和行为过程的定性分析

• 批准号: 10791170
• 负责人: JAMES MACKILLOP
• 金额: $ 18.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-15 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10791170
• 关键词: Address; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Behavioral; Black American; Black race; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; Classification; Communities; Coronavirus; Data; Data Collection; Development; Drug usage; Economics; Education; Enrollment; Feedback; Female; Funding; Goals; Grant; Health; Home; Individual; Informal Social Control; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Life; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Modality; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention program; Process; Public Health; Publications; Qualitative Methods; Qualitative Research; Recovery; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Social support; Source; Stress; Subgroup; United States; addiction; age group; alcohol abuse therapy; alcohol consequences; alcohol misuse; alcohol prevention; alcohol risk; alcohol risk reduction; alcohol-related death; behavioral economics; binge drinking; brief intervention; cohort; college; community setting; comorbidity; design; drinking; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; evidence base; experience; help-seeking behavior; high risk; high risk drinking; high risk population; insight; intervention program; modifiable risk; mortality; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; pandemic stress; participant enrollment; perceived discrimination; preventive intervention; protective factors; racial population; social; substance use; systemic barrier; trend

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT In the United States, emerging adults (EAs, ages 18-29) consume alcohol at higher rates than people in any other age group, and the number and rate of alcohol-related deaths increased approximately 25% during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Black EAs and EAs who are not graduates of four-year colleges experience greater consequences from alcohol use and have been identified as an understudied, high-priority group by both NIAAA and the US Institute of Medicine. Funded by NIAAA, we have followed a diverse community-based cohort of 601 emerging adults since 2017 (mean age at inception = 22.5; 47% White, 42% Black; 35% without a college degree). Phase one of Project BETA was the first to carefully examine behavioral economic predictors of alcohol use trajectories in the mid-twenties and has generated 34 publications and supported 4 funded secondary grants. We recently completed data collection and have identified subgroups of emerging adults who have (1) reduced their drinking since becoming involved with the study and report consistent low-risk drinking over the past year based on the WHO Classification (N = 281) or (2) increased drinking or been relatively persistent high-risk drinkers throughout the course of study (as defined by the WHO Classification; N = 174). The proposed R21 will leverage these existing subgroups by having 40 participants from each of these subgroups (50% of participants enrolled will be Black) view a summary of their individual drinking trajectories throughout their 3.5-year participation in the parent study to facilitate a discussion of potentially modifiable factors associated with self- change or persistent risky drinking, including behavioral economic variables and experiences of discrimination. In addition to gaining an understanding of how participants successfully changed their drinking, our interviews and qualitative analyses will also gain insights into how to design and disseminate prevention and intervention programs to reduce alcohol risk for diverse community-residing emerging adults. We will obtain feedback on preferred intervention content, modalities, and locations/venues. Our team includes experts in emerging adult alcohol misuse, addiction and recovery, brief interventions, qualitative methods, and cultural adaptation of alcohol treatments for Black Americans and is thus ideally suited to successfully complete these aims and to use the results to develop and refine effective, culturally informed alcohol prevention approaches with high potential for dissemination in community settings in a subsequent R01 application.

项目摘要/摘要 在美国，新兴的成年人（EAS，18-29岁）以高于 任何其他年龄段的人，与酒精相关的死亡人数增加 在COVID-19-19大流行的头两年中约为25％。黑色EA和EAS 他们不是四年制大学的毕业生，饮酒会带来更大的后果 NIAAA和美国都被确定为一个研究的，高优先级的群体 医学研究所。由NIAAA资助，我们遵循了各种各样的社区人群 自2017年以来的601个新兴成年人（企业平均年龄= 22.5; 47％白色，42％黑色； 35％ 没有大学学位）。项目Beta的第一阶段是第一个仔细检查的 二十多岁的酒精使用轨迹的行为经济预测指标 生成了34个出版物，并支持4个资助的二级赠款。我们最近完成了 数据收集并确定了（1）减少其新兴成年人的亚组 自从参与研究以来喝酒，并报告一致的低风险饮酒 过去一年基于WHO分类（n = 281）或（2）增加饮酒或相对较高 在整个学习过程中，持续的高风险饮酒者（如谁定义 分类; n = 174）。拟议的R21将通过40个来利用这些现有子组 来自每个亚组的参与者（50％的参与者将是黑色）查看 整个3。5年参与的个人饮酒轨迹的摘要 父母研究促进与自我相关的潜在可修改因素的讨论 改变或持续的冒险饮酒，包括行为经济变量和经验 歧视。除了了解参与者如何成功变化之外 他们的饮酒，我们的访谈和定性分析也将获得有关如何设计的见解 并传播预防和干预计划，以降低酒精的风险 社区保留新兴的成年人。我们将获得有关首选干预内容的反馈， 方式和位置/场所。我们的团队包括新兴的成人滥用酒精的专家， 成瘾和恢复，​​简短的干预措施，定性方法以及文化适应 黑人美国人的酒精治疗，因此非常适合成功完成这些 目的并利用结果来发展和完善有效的文化知情酒精 在社区环境中具有很高潜力的预防方法 随后的R01应用程序。