Antisocial Behavior, Genetics, and the Life Course

反社会行为、遗传学和生命历程

• 批准号: 7589277
• 负责人: Michael J Shanahan
• 金额: $ 22.19万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-13 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7589277
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Animals; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Genetics; Complex; Criminal Justice; Data; Development; Dimensions; Dopamine; Employment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Family; Female; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Population Study; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Research; Genetic Risk; Goals; Haplotypes; Health; Heritability; Human; Human Development; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Labor Forces; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measures; Meta-Analysis; Military Personnel; Modeling; Monoamine Oxidase; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physical Capacity; Population Genetics; Predisposition; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Race; Research; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Serotonin; Services; Social Environment; Source; Spouses; Statistical Methods; Statistical Models; System; Techniques; Test Result; Testing; Variant; Violence; Work; World Health Organization; anti social; criminal behavior; expectation; high risk; innovation; insight; male; neurogenetics; novel; peer; prevent; psychosocial; public health relevance; social; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this research is to integrate genetic and life course models of criminal and otherwise antisocial behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood, and to test the resulting hypotheses with traditional and innovative statistical models and a large nationally representative sample. To date, very little research has examined the interplay between specific genes and social context in the emergence and maintenance of antisocial behaviors, despite growing appreciation that these factors operate in concert. Data come from four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health spanning ages 12 to 31 (nH18,000). Aim 1 establishes links between specific neurogenetic polymorphisms (NPs, measured as haplotypes) associated with dopamine, serotonin, and monoamine oxidase, and indicators of antisocial behavior-- including delinquency, involvement with the criminal justice system, substance use, and violent acts--at each wave and, for delinquency and substance use, across waves. Aim 2 examines associations between these same NPs and informal social controls (ISCs), including relationships with parents, peers, school attachment, employment, and religiosity in adolescence, and, in young adulthood, these same ISCs and patterns of family formation. For both Aims 1 and 2, NPs, antisocial behaviors, and ISCs will each be studied individually and in configurations (e.g., single NPs, and naturally occurring constellations of NPs). Aim 3 develops longitudinal models that interrelate NPs, ISCs, and antisocial behaviors--individually and configurally--by way of mediational models extending from adolescence to young adulthood and moderational models, according to which high genetic risk and low informal controls are especially likely to be associated with antisocial behaviors. Analyses will be conducted with variations of innovative latent variable models that allow for a high degree of non-linearity among these factors. Substantively, these analyses will reveal how genetic risks, informal social controls, and criminal and antisocial behaviors are interrelated from adolescence to young adulthood. Methodologically, the proposed research will provide insight into the latest mixture modeling techniques and the analysis of NPs and contextual and psychosocial factors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public health concerns well-being, which the World Health Organization defines as "a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities" (WHO, 1986 Ottawa Charter). The proposed research is directly concerned with the social resources that may prevent antisocial behaviors which are, in turn, frequently associated with risky health-related behaviors. The proposed research thus seeks to identify the social circumstances in which these adverse outcomes are avoided.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究的目的是将犯罪和其他反社会行为的遗传和生命课程模型整合起来，从青春期到年轻成年，并使用传统和创新的统计模型以及大型国家代表性的样本来测试所产生的假设。迄今为止，尽管人们越来越多地赞赏这些因素在一致的过程中起作用，但几乎没有研究在出现和维持反社会行为的出现和维持中的特定基因与社会环境之间的相互作用。数据来自全国青少年健康纵向研究的四波，跨越12至31岁（NH18,000）。 AIM 1建立了与多巴胺，5-羟色胺和单胺氧化酶以及反社会行为的指标（包括犯罪性，涉及犯罪司法系统，药物使用和暴力行为 - 涉及犯罪行为）的特定神经源性多态性（NP，以单倍型为单倍型）与反社会行为的指标（包括犯罪行为）之间的联系。在每个波浪中，为了拖延和使用物质，在波浪中。 AIM 2检查了这些相同的NP与非正式社会控制（ISC）之间的关联，包括与父母，同龄人，学校的依恋，就业和宗教信仰的关系，以及在成年后，这些相同的ISC和家庭形成模式。对于目标1和2，NP，反社会行为和ISC都将单独研究（例如，单个NP和NP的天然存在）。 AIM 3开发了将NP，ISC和反社会行为相互关联的纵向模型 - 在个人和配置上 - 通过从青春期到年轻成年和中度模型延伸的中介模型的方式，根据这些模型，据此，高遗传风险和低非正式控制尤其可能尤其可能与反社会行为有关。分析将与创新潜在变量模型的变化进行分析，这些模型允许这些因素之间具有高度的非线性性。这些分析实际上将揭示遗传风险，非正式社会控制以及犯罪和反社会行为如何从青春期到年轻人相互关联。从方法论上讲，拟议的研究将洞悉最新的混合建模技术以及NPS以及背景和社会心理因素的分析。公共卫生相关性：公共卫生涉及福祉，世界卫生组织将其定义为“强调社会和个人资源以及身体能力的积极概念”（WHO，1986年渥太华宪章）。拟议的研究直接与可能阻止反社会行为的社会资源有关，而反社会行为经常与风险与健康有关的行为相关。因此，拟议的研究旨在确定避免这些不利结果的社会环境。