Cortico-Striatal Circuits in Actions and Habits

动作和习惯中的皮质纹状体回路

• 批准号: 7586239
• 负责人: BERNARD W BALLEINE
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-01 至 2009-04-02
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7586239
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Attention; Back; Basal Ganglia; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain region; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communities; Complex; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Decision Making; Disease; Dorsal; Drug Addiction; Feedback; Funding; Gilles de la Tourette syndrome; Goals; Habits; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Intervention; Involuntary Movements; Laboratories; Learning; Lesion; Literature; Long-Term Potentiation; Medial; Mediating; Molecular; Motor; Movement; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurosciences Research; Obesity; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Operant Conditioning; Outcome; Parkinson Disease; Performance; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Proteins; Rattus; Research; Role; Series; System; Testing; Time; activity marker; base; executive function; habit learning; neural circuit; neuronal cell body; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; theories; treatment effect

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent evidence suggests that the learning processes that underlie the acquisition of goal-directed actions and that support their transition into habits are encoded within distinct regions of the dorsal striatum and involve distinct cortio-striatal networks. Disorders of `voluntary' movement, e.g. Parkinson's disease, and involving intrusive involuntary movement, e.g. Tourette's syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder and Huntingdon's disease, have also been found to involve damage to cortico-striatal networks and to result in severe cognitive deficits in choice, planning and executive processes generally. These cases make it clear that the capacity for goal-directed action is highly adaptive. Nevertheless, although research into the physiological systems that subserve learning processes in humans and other animals has been of ongoing concern to the neuroscience research community, the neural bases of both goal-directed and habit learning are still very poorly understood. The broad, long-term objective of the current project is, therefore, to understand the neural systems that control both goal-directed and habitual learning processes. In this project we will focus specifically on cortio-striatal networks involving the medial prefrontal cortex and its efferents to the dorsomedial striatum in goal-directed learning and sensorimotor cortex and its afferents to dorsolateral striatum in habit learning under three specific aims: (i) to examine the role of the dorsomedial striatum in goal-directed learning processes; (ii) to explore the role of cortico-dorsomedial striatal circuits in goal-directed learning; and (iii) to compare the role of dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum in actions and habits. We plan to use behavioral manipulations and tests that allow direct assessment of the specific learning processes engaged under a number of circumstances and to establish the neural networks that support these learning processes using a series of molecular and cellular markers and interventions that, in recent years, have proven to be of value in studying neural circuits and systems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The learning processes that underlie the acquisition of goal-directed actions and that support their transition into habits are encoded within distinct regions of the dorsal striatum and involve distinct cortio-striatal networks. Disorders of `voluntary' movement, e.g. Parkinson's disease, and involving intrusive involuntary movement, e.g. Tourette's syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder and Huntingdon's disease, have also been found to involve damage to cortico-striatal networks and to result in severe cognitive deficits in choice, planning and executive processes generally. These cases make it clear that the capacity for goal-directed action is highly adaptive. Nevertheless, the neural bases of both goal-directed and habit learning are still very poorly understood. The broad, long-term objective of the current project is, therefore, to understand the neural systems that control both goal-directed and habitual learning processes. In this project we will focus specifically on cortio-striatal networks involving the medial prefrontal cortex and the dorsomedial striatum in goal-directed learning and sensorimotor cortex and its afferents to dorsolateral striatum in habit learning. We plan to use behavioral manipulations and tests that allow direct assessment of the specific learning processes engaged under a number of circumstances and to establish the neural networks that support these learning processes using molecular and cellular approaches that have proven of value in studying neural circuits and systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的证据表明，在获得目标指导行动并支持其过渡到习惯的基础的学习过程是在背纹状体的不同区域内编码并涉及不同的皮质纹状体网络的。 “自愿”运动的疾病，例如帕金森氏病，涉及侵入性的非自愿运动，例如Tourette的综合症，强迫症和亨廷顿氏病也被发现涉及对Cortico-Sriatal网络的损害，并总体上会导致严重的认知缺陷。这些案件清楚地表明，目标指导行动的能力具有很高的适应性。然而，尽管对人类和其他动物学习学习过程的生理系统的研究一直是神经科学研究界的关注，但目标指导和习惯学习的神经基础仍然非常了解。因此，当前项目的广泛，长期目标是了解控制目标指导和习惯性学习过程的神经系统。在这个项目中，我们将专门关注涉及内侧前额叶皮层的皮质 - 纹状体网络，及其对目标指导的学习和感觉运动皮层中的背侧纹状体及其对背外侧纹状体的传播在三个特定目的下进行习惯学习： （ii）探讨皮质反应纹状体回路在目标指导学习中的作用； （iii）比较背外侧纹状体在作用和习惯中的作用。我们计划使用行为操纵和测试，以直接评估在许多情况下参与的特定学习过程，并建立使用一系列分子和细胞标记物以及近年来证明在研究神经回路和系统中具有价值的神经网络，以支持这些学习过程。 公共卫生相关性的学习过程是获得目标指导行动并支持其过渡到习惯的学习过程，在背纹状体的不同区域内编码并涉及不同的皮质 - 纹状体网络。 “自愿”运动的疾病，例如帕金森氏病，涉及侵入性的非自愿运动，例如Tourette的综合症，强迫症和亨廷顿氏病也被发现涉及对Cortico-Sriatal网络的损害，并总体上会导致严重的认知缺陷。这些案件清楚地表明，目标指导行动的能力具有很高的适应性。然而，目标指导和习惯学习的神经基础仍然非常了解。因此，当前项目的广泛，长期目标是了解控制目标指导和习惯性学习过程的神经系统。在这个项目中，我们将专门关注涉及靶向指导学习和感觉运动皮层中内侧前额叶皮层和背侧纹状体的皮质 - 纹状体网络及其在习惯学习中背外侧纹状体的传入。我们计划使用行为操纵和测试，以直接评估在许多情况下参与的特定学习过程，并使用分子和细胞方法来建立支持这些学习过程的神经网络，这些方法在研究神经回路和系统中已证明有价值。