The molecular and cellular basis of short-range host cue sensing in mosquito vectors

蚊子媒介短程宿主线索感知的分子和细胞基础

• 批准号: 10683995
• 负责人: Paul Garrity
• 金额: $ 66.35万
• 依托单位: BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-21 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10683995
• 关键词: Address; Aedes; Affect; Afferent Neurons; Air; Anopheles gambiae; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Biology; Bite; Blood; Body Temperature; Chemicals; Chromosomes; Collaborations; Color; Cues; Culicidae; Data; Defect; Dengue; Detection; Disease Vectors; Distant; Drosophila genus; Drosophila melanogaster; Dryness; Esthesia; Family; Genes; Glutamate Receptor; Goals; High temperature of physical object; Human; Humidity; Hydration status; Ingestion; Insecta; Invertebrates; Ion Channel; Joints; Knock-in; Knock-out; Knowledge; Malaria; Masks; Mediating; Molecular; Molecular Probes; Molecular Target; Neurons; Orthologous Gene; Persons; Physiological; Publications; Reporter; Reproduction; Research Personnel; Resolution; Role; Sensory; Specificity; System; TRP channel; TRPA channel; Temperature; Testing; Work; base; behavioral response; cellular targeting; comparative; disease transmission; feeding; fly; insight; mutant; receptor; response; sensor; sensory stimulus; stimulus sensitivity; success; vector; vector control; vector mosquito

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Mosquito disease transmission relies on the insect’s ability to feed on human hosts, a behavior driven by host- associated sensory cues. Temperature and humidity are key short-range cues that promote the final stages of host approach and biting, but little is known about the molecular and cellular basis of mosquito responses to these cues, or whether these mechanisms are conserved among evolutionarily distant mosquitoes. We propose to address these knowledge gaps by: 1) Probing the molecular basis and evolutionary conservation of heat-seeking between the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae (An. gambiae) and the dengue vector Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti). 2) Investigating the (as yet unknown) molecular and cellular basis of mosquito humidity sensation in An. gambiae. We propose to achieve these goals in three aims: Aim 1) Probe the evolutionary conservation of heat seeking mechanisms. Mosquito blood-feeding is thought to have a common evolutionary origin, but whether the mechanisms that control heat-seeking are conserved across mosquitoes is an open question. We will test this conservation by comparing the roles of key receptors implicated in heat-seeking in multiple mosquito species in order to reveal whether and in what ways heat-seeking mechanisms are shared across vector mosquitoes. Aim 2) Determine the sensory specificities of candidate humidity receptor-expressing neurons in An. gambiae. Despite its importance for host seeking, mosquito humidity sensing is largely unexplored. We will test the hypothesis that mosquito humidity sensors rely on relatives of receptors important for sensing humidity in Drosophila. We will examine the stimulus sensitivities of the sensory neurons expressing these receptors and test the role(s) of these receptors in detecting sensory stimuli. Aim 3) Establish the behavioral roles of candidate hygroin An. gambiae. We will test how our candidate receptors for humidity and temperature contribute to the mosquito’s behavioral responses to humidity and temperature, as well as host seeking and blood feeding. We will also compare how host-seeking roles relate to homeostatic roles in helping modulate body temperature and hydration state. This work will identify molecular receptors and sensory neurons that detect temperature and humidity in vector mosquitoes and establish their roles in mosquito host seeking and blood feeding. As these behaviors supports disease transmission, these basic science findings have potential relevance for vector control efforts.

项目摘要/摘要 蚊子疾病的传播取决于绝缘材料以人类宿主为食的能力，这种行为是由宿主驱动的行为 相关的感觉提示。温度和湿度是关键的短距离提示，可促进最终阶段 宿主的方法和咬人，但对蚊子反应的分子和细胞基础知之甚少 这些提示，或这些机制是否在进化较远的蚊子中保守。 我们建议通过以下方面解决这些知识差距：1）探测分子基础和进化保护 疟疾媒介冈比亚（An。Gambiae）和登革热媒介埃德斯之间的疟疾载体围绕媒介之间的热寻球 埃及（Ae。Aegypti）。 2）研究蚊子湿度的分子和细胞基础（尚不清楚） an。冈比亚。我们建议以三个目的实现这些目标： 目的1）探测寻求热量机制的进化保护。蚊子进食 被认为具有共同的进化起源，但是控制热热的机制是否是 跨蚊子保守的是一个悬而未决的问题。我们将通过比较密钥的角色来测试这种保护 在多种蚊子物种中寻求热的受体，以揭示是否以及以何种方式 寻求热的机制在媒介蚊子之间共享。 目标2）确定表达候选湿度受体神经元的感觉规格 在冈比亚。尽管对宿主寻求的重要性很重要，但蚊子的湿度敏感性在很大程度上是出乎意料的。 我们将检验以下假设，即蚊子湿度传感器依赖于接收器的亲属对传感器很重要 果蝇中的湿度。我们将检查表达这些的感觉神经元的刺激灵敏度 受体和测试这些受体在检测感觉刺激中的作用。 目的3）确定候选人卫生蛋白的行为作用。冈比亚。我们将测试我们的 湿度和温度的候选受体有助于蚊子对 湿度和温度，以及宿主寻求和血液喂养。我们还将比较寻求主机的方式 角色涉及在帮助调节体温和水合状态中的体内平衡作用。 这项工作将确定分子接收器和感觉神经元，以检测到温度和湿度 媒介蚊子并在寻求和献血的蚊子宿主中建立角色。作为这些行为 支持疾病传播，这些基础科学发现与媒介控制工作具有潜在的相关性。