Mental Health in Autistic Adults: An RDoC Approach

成人自闭症患者的心理健康：RDoC 方法

• 批准号: 10698105
• 负责人: GREG J SIEGLE
• 金额: $ 44.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-06 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10698105
• 关键词: Adult; Affective; Age; Behavioral; Brain; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Differential Equation; Distal; Distress; Ecological momentary assessment; Emotional; Emotions; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Event; Feedback; Feeling suicidal; Formulation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Hearing; Image; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Life; Literature; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Motor; Names; Neural Network Simulation; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Physiological; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Process; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Pupil; Reaction; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research Domain Criteria; Rest; Self-Injurious Behavior; Semantics; Sensory; Series; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sinus Arrhythmia; Social Network; Stimulus; Suicide; System; Testing; Time; Trauma; Visual; Work; adult with autism spectrum disorder; autism spectrum disorder; autistic; behavioral response; causal model; cognitive control; cognitive task; coping; design; emotion dysregulation; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; experience; indexing; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; neural; neural model; neural recruitment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; preservation; prospective; recruit; respiratory; response; sex; social; success; suicidal; suicidal risk; support network

Abstract Autism is frequently characterized by hyper-reactivity to emotional and intense stimuli, but also, apparent shutting down or blunted reactions, consistent with hypo-reactivity. This project uses neuroimaging to test a mechanistic model in which the same individuals display hyper-reactivity in brain networks responsible for perceiving emotional and sensory information, but inability to recruit neural mechanisms responsible for physiological and behavioral regulatory responses (i.e., apparent hypo-reactivity). This combination yields inwardly sustained, but outwardly blunted reactions akin to being locked in, “screaming inside” while unable to use typical executive, motor, and social mechanisms to regulate these experiences. N=200 autistic and 100 non-autistic individuals will complete tasks involving hearing criticism and praise, naming the valence of emotional words in alternation with cognitive tasks, and seeing visually intense full-field images as well as resting state assessment. Aims include assessment of early hyper-reactivity in brain systems responsible for perception and emotion generation, and subsequent hypo-connectivity and hypo-reactivity with regions that facilitate regulatory control cognitively, socially, and through motor actions. An integrative mechanistic neural network model will be used to examine whether this formulation could yield individual differences in ecological momentary assessment, ambulatory psychophysiology, and self-reported suicidality in the other projects. The potential significance of this work is to dispel the idea that autistic individuals have blunted reactions, and rather to say that their brains are very reactive, and they cannot effectively express or cope with this reactivity. This formulation could lead to different approaches to intervention than are currently available to the autistic community.

抽象的 自闭症的自由主义特征是对情绪和强烈刺激的过度反应性，但也显而易见 关闭或钝化的反应，与此项目一致。 机械模型，同一个人在大脑网络反应中表现出高反应性的反应 感知情感和感官信息，但无法招募负责的神经机制 Physiololocal和行为调节反应（即明显的低反应性） 向内稳定，臀部钝的反应类似于被锁定，在无法锁定的同时“尖叫”。 使用典型的执行，运动和社会机制来定制这些经验。 非自主个人将完成涉及听力批评和赞美的任务，命名 情感词与认知任务交替，渗透视觉强烈的全场图像和一样 静止状态评估包括对大脑系统反应的早期反应性的评估 感知和情感的产生，以及随后与区域的性低连通性和反应性不重 在社会上促进监管控制，虽然运动机械性神经。 网络模型将用于检查该公式是否可以在生态学上产生分裂差异 瞬间评估，卧床心理生理学和其他项目中的自杀性 消除思想个体的潜在意义使反应钝化，并且 而是说他们的大脑非常反应性，他们无法表达或应对其反应。 这种表述可能会导致与当前可用的自闭症主义主义者派主主义者的分歧方法不同 社区。