Fourier-based Methods for Image Reconstruction in PET

基于傅立叶的 PET 图像重建方法

• 批准号: 6625757
• 负责人: SAMUEL MATEJ
• 金额: $ 31.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6625757
• 关键词: Fourier; based; Methods; Image; Reconstruction

The long-term aim of this project is the improvement of tomographic imaging in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine, especially positron emission tomography (PET). The project involves computer methods for generating images from the raw detector measurements of the PET scanner (i.e., algorithms for image reconstruction from projection data). The Fourier transform is an important mathematical tool in the theory of non- iterative reconstruction methods, but its potential for improving practical computation has not been fully exploited for these methods, and has not been investigated at all for iterative reconstruction methods. The project aims to develop and evaluate the usefulness of Fourier-based approaches for non-iterative and iterative reconstruction in 3D PET. The proposed approaches aim to decrease the number of approximations that are made during the processing of the emission data and transmission data measured by the detector system of the scanner, while requiring less scanning and processing time than the simplified approaches currently used in clinical PET. For the emission data, the specific aim is to test and evaluate a carefully studied and optimized implementation of the direct Fourier method for the geometry of fully-3D PET, and to develop, implement, test, and evaluate Fourier-based 3D iterative techniques utilizing information on attenuation, scatter and randoms within the reconstruction model. For the transmission data, the specific aim is to develop and evaluate fully-3D iterative reconstruction from this data, followed by fast Fourier-based reprojection of the attenuation map, to be used either for correction of the fully-3D emission data, or for modeling of attenuation effects within the fully-3D iterative reconstruction from the emission data. Cancer imaging with PET, especially whole-body scanning, is limited by the low numbers of counts obtainable in the emission and transmission data sets and by the large fractions of scatter and random events. Improving the quantitative accuracy, signal- to-noise performance and lesion detectability of clinically practical data acquisition and processing in PET would lead to improved detection, diagnosis, and treatment planning of cancer.

该项目的长期目标是改进诊断放射学和核医学中的断层成像，特别是正电子发射断层扫描（PET）。 该项目涉及根据 PET 扫描仪的原始探测器测量生成图像的计算机方法（即根据投影数据重建图像的算法）。 傅里叶变换是非迭代重建方法理论中的重要数学工具，但其改进实际计算的潜力尚未在这些方法中得到充分开发，并且在迭代重建方法中根本没有得到研究。该项目旨在开发和评估基于傅里叶的 3D PET 非迭代和迭代重建方法的实用性。 所提出的方法旨在减少在处理由扫描仪的检测器系统测量的发射数据和透射数据期间进行的近似次数，同时比目前临床 PET 中使用的简化方法需要更少的扫描和处理时间。 对于发射数据，具体目标是测试和评估针对全 3D PET 几何形状的直接傅里叶方法的仔细研究和优化实施，并利用基于傅里叶的 3D 迭代技术来开发、实施、测试和评估有关重建模型中的衰减、散射和随机性的信息。对于传输数据，具体目标是根据该数据开发和评估全 3D 迭代重建，然后对衰减图进行基于傅里叶的快速重投影，用于校正全 3D 发射数据，或用于根据发射数据对全 3D 迭代重建中的衰减效应进行建模。 PET 癌症成像，尤其是全身扫描，受到发射和传输数据集中可获得的计数较少以及大量散射和随机事件的限制。 提高 PET 中临床实际数据采集和处理的定量准确性、信噪比性能和病变可检测性将改善癌症的检测、诊断和治疗计划。