AIDS Stigma among Health Professionals in Puerto Rico

波多黎各卫生专业人员中的艾滋病耻辱

基本信息

批准号：
8077756
负责人：
NELSON VARAS-DIAZ
金额：
$ 8.34万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO RIO PIEDRAS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-26 至 2012-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8077756
关键词：
AIDS/HIV problem Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address Adherence Affect Anti-Retroviral Agents Anxiety Attention Attitude Behavior Behavioral Cognitive Communities Consequences of HIV Control Groups Data Development Dimensions Disease Disease Progression Environmental Risk Factor Evaluation Fostering Future HIV HIV Infections Health Professional Impact evaluation Intervention Intervention Studies Latino Learning Length Life Literature Measurement Medical Medical Students Mental Depression Mental Health Participant Physician&apos s Role Physicians Play Population Prevention Process Publishing Puerto Rican Puerto Rico Quality of life Questionnaires Randomized Randomized Controlled Trials Reporting Research Role Sampling Self Efficacy Services Social Interaction Social Network Societies Source Staging Stigmata Stigmatization Testing Time Training Training Programs Treatment Efficacy Typology Visit Work base effective therapy efficacy testing intervention effect knowledge base novel physical conditioning research study self esteem skills social social cognitive theory social stigma theories tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The stigma related to HIV/AIDS poses a challenge to the lives of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). These are worsened when people who are important in the lives of PLWHA manifest it, such as health professionals. This is particularly true for physicians who represent the first line of contact for treatment and the basis of knowledge of effective strategies to treat the disease. When physicians stigmatize PLWHA access to effective treatment can be hindered. Previous studies carried out by the research team in Puerto Rico show that health professionals, particularly physicians, manifest high levels of HIV/AIDS stigma. Scientifically tested strategies to reduce such stigma are urgently needed and should be provided during their professional training since they are open to learning new ideas about the physician's role in the lives of people who are ill. Still, a review of the published literature on HIV/AIDS stigma reduction evidences a lack of scientifically tested interventions targeting medical students. This five-year R01 study aims to revise and test the efficacy of an intervention to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma among medical students through a randomized control trial. The specific aims of the proposed research are: Aim 1: Revise and implement an intervention based on Social Cognitive Theory to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma and evaluate its acceptability among medical students in their last year of training. Aim 2: Evaluate the intervention's efficacy in reducing HIV/AIDS stigma attitudes and behaviors immediately after the intervention, at six months, and 12 months time. Aim 3: Evaluate whether proposed mechanisms of stigma change, specifically HIV information, skills for identifying stigma and interacting with PLWHA, and self-efficacy for such skills, explain stigma reduction after the intervention. These aims will be carried out though a randomized control trial implemented in two stages. In Stage 1, we will revise an existing intervention to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma among health professionals based on our previous research. This pilot intervention has been tested and shows promising results in reducing HIV/AIDS stigma with statistically significant reductions in our stigma measurements. In stage two, the intervention will be implemented among a sample of 500 medical students who will be randomly assigned to intervention (n=250) and control groups (n=250) and subjected to a process and impact evaluation administering a quantitative questionnaire before, immediately after, at six months, and 12 months after the intervention. This study will entail the first HIV/AIDS stigma reduction intervention targeting medical students in Puerto Rico that will be experimentally tested with random samples and long term assessment of change. Reducing HIV/AIDS stigma among this population can foster the provision of stigma free services and provide a framework for future interventions. This study will entail the first HIV/AIDS stigma reduction intervention targeting Latino medical students that will be experimentally tested with random samples and long term assessment of change, as we have been unable to find others in the published scientific literature. If proven effective it will be disseminated and will contribute to AIDS stigma reduction among several medical training programs in Puerto Rico, and other applicable Spanish speaking scenarios. Reducing HIV/AIDS stigma among this population can foster the provision of stigma free services which research has shown to better the lives of people with HIV/AIDS.

描述（由申请人提供）：与艾滋病毒/艾滋病有关的污名对艾滋病毒/艾滋病（PLWHA）的人们的生活构成了挑战。当在PLWHA生活中重要的人（例如卫生专业人员）中，这些人都会恶化。对于代表治疗的第一线接触以及有效治疗该疾病的有效策略的基础的医师尤其如此。当医生污名化PLWHA接受有效治疗时，可能会受到阻碍。波多黎各研究团队进行的先前研究表明，卫生专业人员，尤其是医生，表现出高水平的艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名。迫切需要经过科学测试的减少这种污名的策略，应在他们的专业培训期间提供，因为他们愿意学习有关医生在生病的人生活中的作用的新想法。尽管如此，关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名的发表文献的回顾证明，缺乏针对医学生的科学测试的干预措施。这项为期五年的R01研究旨在通过随机对照试验修改和测试干预措施减少医学生艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名的功效。拟议研究的具体目的是：目标1：基于社会认知理论修改和实施干预措施，以减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病的污名并评估医学生培训的最后一年的可接受性。 AIM 2：评估干预措施在干预后，六个月和12个月后立即减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病的污名态度和行为的功效。 AIM 3：评估提出的污名变化机制，特别是艾滋病毒信息，识别污名和与PLWHA互动的技能以及对此类技能的自我效能感，请解释干预后的污名。这些目标将在两个阶段实施的随机控制试验中进行。在第1阶段，我们将根据我们以前的研究来修改现有的干预措施，以减少卫生专业人员的艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名。该试点干预已经进行了测试，并显示出有望减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名的结果，并在我们的污名测量值中统计学上显着降低。在第二阶段中，将在500名医学生的样本中实施干预措施，这些学生将被随机分配给干预措施（n = 250）和对照组（n = 250），并经过一项过程和影响评估，并在六个月后，六个月和在干预后的六个月和12个月进行了定量问卷。这项研究将需要针对波多黎各的医学生的第一个艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名化干预措施，该干预将通过随机样本和长期评估变化进行实验测试。减少该人群中的艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名可以促进提供污名服务的提供，并为将来的干预提供框架。这项研究将需要针对拉丁裔医学生的第一个艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名化干预措施，这些干预措施将通过随机样本进行实验测试和对变化的长期评估，因为我们无法在已发表的科学文献中找到其他人。如果证明有效，它将被传播，并在波多黎各的几个医学培训计划以及其他适用的西班牙语中的艾滋病造成污名。减少该人群中的艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名可以促进提供污名服务的提供，研究表明，研究表明，艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的生活改善了生活。