Disparity Processing in Human Visual Cortex

人类视觉皮层的视差处理

• 批准号: 7898780
• 负责人: Suzanne P McKee
• 金额: $ 36.48万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7898780
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Berry; Characteristics; Childhood; Clinical; Coupled; Cues; Data; Depth Perception; Development; Diplopia; Dorsal; Electroencephalography; Esotropia; Esthesia; Eye; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Human; Image; Individual; Lateral; Location; Measurement; Measures; Motion; Neurons; Nose; Operative Surgical Procedures; Pattern; Population; Primates; Process; Property; Relative (related person); Research; Source; Stimulus; Strabismus; Stream; Structure; Surface; Techniques; Texture; Treatment Efficacy; Update; Visual; Visual Cortex; Work; area V1; area striata; density; early onset; extrastriate visual cortex; infancy; monocular; neuroadaptation; neuroimaging; novel; prevent; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; stereoscopic; ward

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Disparity tuning is a pervasive property of neurons in almost all visual areas in primate cortex. We will use a novel neuroimaging technique to examine the flow of disparity information from V1 to extra- striate areas in human cortex. This technique relies on source localization using high density EEG coupled to structural and functional MRI anatomical measurements. We will measure the neural response to repetitive changes in disparity in four widely separated cortical areas, V1, V3A, V4 and hMT+ - all known to be important in primate disparity processing. Our first aim examines the sensitivity of the cortical response in these four areas to dynamic random dots, modulated by horizontal or by vertical disparity. We will also explore the response to anti-correlated random dots which are known to drive single units in many cortical areas. Our second aim evaluates the contribution of disparity-modulation to surface segmentation. We will compare the response patterns produced by monocularly modulated changes in figure-ground segmentation to those generated by disparity modulated changes in figure-ground segmentation. Our third aim explores how the loss of stereopsis affects the cortical responses of the strabismic observer. We will specifically look for the cortical locus of strabismic suppression, as well as for the locus of the motion asymmetry that is a defining characteristic of infantile esotropia. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Strabismus is a developmental abnormality that affects 3 - 5% of the population, resulting in the loss of stereopsis. The proposed research will measure the cortical response associated with two anomalies of strabismus: strabismic suppression and the motion asymmetry previously observed in VEP measurements. The motion asymmetry is a useful marker for judging the efficacy of treatment, particularly surgery, so understanding its cortical origin will enhance its utility.

描述（由申请人提供）：差异调整是灵长类动物皮质中几乎所有视觉区域中神经元的普遍特性。我们将使用一种新颖的神经影像技术来检查人类皮质中V1到外部区域的差异信息的流动。该技术依赖于使用高密度的EEG结合结构和功能性MRI解剖测量的来源定位。我们将在四个广泛分离的皮质区域V1，V3A，V4和HMT+中衡量对差异重复变化的神经反应 - 所有这些在灵长类动物差异处理中都很重要。我们的第一个目的研究了这四个区域对动态随机点的敏感性，该点由水平或垂直差异调节。我们还将探索对抗相关随机点的反应，这些响应已知可以在许多皮质区域驱动单个单元。我们的第二个目标评估了差异调节对表面分割的贡献。我们将比较图形分割中单眼调制的变化所产生的响应模式与图形差异分割中的差异调制变化所产生的响应模式。我们的第三个目标探讨了立体静脉的丧失如何影响斜率观察者的皮质反应。我们将特别寻找斜度抑制的皮质基因座，以及运动不对称的轨迹，这是婴儿性斜视的定义特征。公共卫生相关性斜视是一种发育异常，影响了3-5％的人口，导致立体声造成的丧失。拟议的研究将测量与两个斜视异常相关的皮质反应：斜视抑制和先前在VEP测量中观察到的运动不对称。运动不对称是判断治疗功效（尤其是手术）的有用标记，因此了解其皮质起源将增强其效用。