Cholinergic and noradrenergic inputs to early olfactory processing

早期嗅觉处理的胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能输入

• 批准号: 7770914
• 负责人: CHRISTIANE LINSTER
• 金额: $ 15.9万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7770914
• 关键词: Acetylcholine; Affect; Afferent Neurons; Animals; Area; Asses; Attention; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Brain Stem; Cholinergic Receptors; Collaborations; DDX26 gene; Data; Detection; Diagonal Band of Broca; Diffusion; Discrimination; Discrimination Learning; Dopamine; Drug usage; Electrodes; Emotional; Fire - disasters; Grant; Half-Life; Impairment; Infusion procedures; Institution; Investigation; Lead; Learning; Lesion; Light; Limb structure; Maintenance; Measurable; Mediating; Memory; Modeling; Mus; Muscarinics; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Neurosciences; Nicotinic Receptors; Noise; Norepinephrine; Odors; Pattern; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Process; Rattus; Regulation; Rewards; Rodent; Role; Rosa; Sensory; Sensory Process; Serotonin; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Work; basal forebrain; base; behavioral pharmacology; cholinergic; cholinergic neuron; experience; follow-up; improved; locus ceruleus structure; neuroregulation; noradrenergic; novel; olfactory bulb; olfactory stimulus; piriform cortex; public health relevance; receptor; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex

Description (provided by applicant): Neuromodulatory inputs to early sensory processing areas, such as acetylcholine, noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine, are thought to support a number of functions relating attention, alert, reward and emotional states. Neuromodulatory inputs regulate the states of sensory and cortical networks, change local computations and affect the dynamics of these networks. Among early sensory processing areas, because of the strong correlations between sensory inputs, neural activity and perception, the transformation of sensory perception by neuromodulatory inputs is directly measurable in the olfactory bulb (OB) of rodents. A crucial function of the OB is to integrate afferent information from the sensory neurons in concert with descending cortical and neuromodulatory inputs from central structures such as the piriform cortex, basal forebrain and brain stem. Accumulating evidence indicates that olfactory discrimination is at least partially mediated by processes in the OB and that cholinergic as well as noradrenergic centrifugal inputs to the OB modulate perceptual discrimination. The present proposal uses multi-electrode recordings in behaving rats to further elucidate the contribution of cholinergic and noradrenergic inputs to the OB for olfactory perception and learning. Neural activity in the locus coeruleus and horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Boca will be recorded in rats performing one of three different olfactory tasks. We hypothesize that cholinergic inputs will be involved in shaping olfactory representations and comparisons of stimuli to those previously encoded whereas noradrenergic inputs will be involved in the formation and maintenance of short memoires as well as in the regulation of signal-to noise ratio. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Neuromodulatory inputs to primary sensory cortex modulate sensory perception and learning. Disruption of these processes leads to impairments in the detection, discrimination and learning of sensory inputs. The proposed work will have significance for our understanding of how neuromodulatory inputs are involved in sensory processing and memory formation.

描述（由申请人提供）：早期感觉处理区域的神经调节输入，例如乙酰胆碱、去甲肾上腺素、血清素和多巴胺，被认为支持与注意力、警觉、奖励和情绪状态相关的许多功能。神经调节输入调节感觉和皮质网络的状态，改变局部计算并影响这些网络的动态。在早期感觉处理领域，由于感觉输入、神经活动和知觉之间存在很强的相关性，神经调节输入对感觉知觉的转化可以在啮齿类动物的嗅球（OB）中直接测量。 OB 的一个关键功能是将来自感觉神经元的传入信息与来自梨状皮层、基底前脑和脑干等中央结构的下行皮质和神经调节输入相结合。越来越多的证据表明，嗅觉辨别至少部分是由 OB 中的过程介导的，并且 OB 的胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能离心输入调节知觉辨别。目前的提议使用多电极记录大鼠的行为来进一步阐明胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能输入对 OB 对嗅觉感知和学习的贡献。将在执行三种不同嗅觉任务之一的大鼠中记录蓝斑和博卡对角带水平肢的神经活动。我们假设胆碱能输入将参与形成嗅觉表征以及将刺激与先前编码的刺激进行比较，而去甲肾上腺素能输入将参与短记忆的形成和维持以及信噪比的调节。公共卫生相关性：初级感觉皮层的神经调节输入可调节感觉知觉和学习。这些过程的中断会导致感官输入的检测、辨别和学习受损。这项工作对于我们理解神经调节输入如何参与感觉处理和记忆形成具有重要意义。