Neuromodulation in visual cortex

视觉皮层的神经调节

基本信息

批准号：
10648936
负责人：
ALEX DRANOVSKY
金额：
$ 23.57万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-05-01 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10648936
关键词：
Acetylcholine Affect Arousal Attention Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Paradigm Cerebral cortex Code Cognitive Decision Making Detection Electrodes Electrophysiology (science)Environment Eyelid structure Failure Fiber Future Goals Injections Linear Models Measures Modeling Monitor Motivation Neuromodulator Neurons Neurotransmitters Noise Norepinephrine Pattern Perception Performance Pharmaceutical Preparations Photometry Positioning Attribute Psychophysics Pupil Reaction Time Reporter Resolution Sampling Sensory Short-Term Memory Signal Transduction Site Statistical Models Stimulus System Testing Time Training Visual Visual Cortex Work area striata awake behavior measurement cholinergic experimental study information processing large scale data neural neuroregulation nonhuman primate noradrenergic novel response sample fixation sensory cortex temporal measurement theories tool

项目摘要

Summary/Abstract Ascending acetylcholinergic and noradrenergic neuromodulatory systems are thought to alter information processing in cerebral cortex with spatial and temporal precision (Obermayer et al., 2017). Yet we lack basic information about how these systems affect neural responses underlying perception and decision-making in sensory cortex of awake, behaving subjects. The overarching goal of this project is to investigate how cholinergic and noradrenergic inputs to visual cortex are activated during a visual detection task. Genetically coded neurotransmitter reporters (GRAB-Ach, GRAB-NE) are novel tools that can measure local neurotransmitter concentrations in cortex with sub-second resolution. These newly developed genetically coded neurotransmitter reporters offer an unprecedented window into real-time changes in local neurotransmitter concentration during perceptual decision-making. Aim 1 will define the relationship of ACh and NE neurotransmitter concentrations in primary visual cortex to behavioral decision variables. Aim 2 will define the relationship of ACh and NE neurotransmitter concentrations in primary visual cortex to the fidelity of the neural representation. This work will provide preliminary data for larger scale studies that examine the effect on neurotransmitter concentrations of manipulating cognitive variables such as attention, decision-making, and working memory. These initial experiments will set the stage for future studies that manipulate neurotransmitter concentrations with systemic or intracranial drug injections to test causal relationships between neurotransmitters and behavioral performance.

摘要/摘要上行乙酰胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能神经调节系统被认为可以改变信息具有空间和时间精度的大脑皮层处理（Obermayer 等人，2017）。然而我们缺乏基本的有关这些系统如何影响感知和决策背后的神经反应的信息清醒、有行为的受试者的感觉皮层。该项目的总体目标是研究胆碱能如何在视觉检测任务期间，视觉皮层的去甲肾上腺素能输入被激活。基因编码神经递质报告基因（GRAB-Ach、GRAB-NE）是可以测量局部神经递质的新型工具皮质中的浓度具有亚秒级分辨率。这些新开发的基因编码神经递质记者提供了一个前所未有的窗口，可以了解期间局部神经递质浓度的实时变化感性决策。目标 1 将定义 ACh 和 NE 神经递质浓度的关系初级视觉皮层的行为决策变量。目标 2 将定义 ACh 和 NE 的关系初级视觉皮层中的神经递质浓度与神经表征的保真度有关。这部作品将为更大规模的研究提供初步数据，以检查对神经递质浓度的影响操纵注意力、决策和工作记忆等认知变量。这些最初的实验将为未来通过全身控制神经递质浓度的研究奠定基础或颅内药物注射来测试神经递质和行为之间的因果关系表现。