Adolescents' Exposure to Family and Community Violence

青少年遭受家庭和社区暴力的情况

基本信息

批准号：
7586837
负责人：
GAYLA MARGOLIN
金额：
$ 40.97万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-06-13 至 2012-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7586837
关键词：
Academic achievement Accounting Adolescence Adolescent Adrenal Glands Affect Age Aggressive behavior Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Symptoms Biological Child Child Behavior Communication Communities Conflict (Psychology)Data Data Collection Development Empathy Environment Exposure to Family Family Process Fathers Feedback Figs - dietary Growth Health Hydrocortisone Hypothalamic structure Intervention Investigation Lead Least-Squares Analysis Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Modeling Nature Outcome Parents Pathway interactions Performance Pituitary Gland Prevention program Psychological adjustment Recovery Reporter Reporting Research Personnel Risk Role Running Sampling Schools Solid Staging Stress System Testing Time Violence Youth biological adaptation to stress depression design deviant diaries experience high risk high risk behavior hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis marital violence peer preadolescence prospective psychologic response social teenage mother young adult

项目摘要

The objective of this study is to identify mechanisms that explain why some adolescents fare worse than others in response to family and community violence. The study hypothesizes that violence exposure erodes family processes and adolescents' daily experiences, and that these proximal variables account for compromised adolescent functioning. The study provides in-depth perspectives of family processes and ongoing daily experiences through behavioral samples of family and peer interactions, and through 14 days of daily diary data. The study also hypothesizes that violence exposure leads to dysregulated biological stress of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (measured through cortisol), and that violence-exposed youth are primed for HPA activation in response to negative family interactions. This study extends an ongoing investigation involving three previous assessments of marital violence, parent-child aggression, and community violence in an ethnically diverse sample of two-parent families with a child age 9 or 10 when the study began. The proposed project adds three more assessments of these exposure variables, and extends the study from pre-adolescence through late adolescence. Six waves of data collection allow for the study of cascading effects across time, with feedback loops from negative family processes, adolescent daily experiences and adolescent adjustment contributing in a bi-directional fashion to the likelihood of violence. Repeating, detailed assessments of family and community violence allow for testing whether multiple types of violence, violence at an earlier age, and more persistent violence contribute to more pervasive and deleterious outcomes. Adolescence is targeted because of the importance of understanding how the risks associated with violence exposure coincide with the normal challenges at this time, and because adolescents' abilities to successfully negotiate educational, social, and health domains are highly salient to their subsequent physical and psychological adjustment as young adults. The study has multiple reporters (adolescent, mother, father, peer), uses multiples types of data collection, and measures multiple developmental outcomes (behavioral and psychological functioning; aggression toward others; academic achievement; and high-risk, health-compromising behaviors). Through growth curve models estimated using partial least squares latent variable analysis, we examine multiple pathways through which violence exposure influences adolescent outcomes. The focus on proximal, modifiable variables ultimately can be used to inform intervention and prevention programs for adolescents exposed to violence.

这项研究的目的是确定解释为什么某些青少年在应对家庭和社区暴力时比其他青少年差的机制。该研究假设暴力暴露侵蚀了家庭过程和青少年的日常经历，并且这些近端变量解释了青少年功能的损害。这项研究通过家庭和同伴互动的行为样本以及每日日记数据的行为样本提供了家庭过程和持续的日常经历的深入观点。该研究还假设暴力导致下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴（通过皮质醇测量）的生物学应力失调，并且暴露于暴力的青年在响应负面家庭相互作用的响应时会引起暴力暴露于HPA激活。这项研究扩展了一项正在进行的调查，涉及先前对婚姻暴力，亲子侵略性和社区暴力的三项评估，该样本在研究开始后的两个孩子的两位家庭中的种族多样化样本中。拟议的项目增加了对这些暴露变量的三个评估，并将研究从青春期前的研究扩展到青春期晚期。六波数据收集允许研究跨时间的级联效应的研究，来自负面家庭流程，青少年日常体验和青少年调整的反馈回路，以双向性的方式导致暴力可能性。重复对家庭和社区暴力的详细评估允许测试多种类型的暴力，更早的暴力和更持久的暴力是否有助于更加普遍和有害的结果。青春期之所以成为目标，是因为了解与此时的正常挑战相吻合的重要性，以及青少年成功谈判教育，社会和健康领域的能力与他们年轻时的身体和心理调整非常重要。该研究有多个记者（青春期，母亲，父亲，同伴）使用倍数收集数据，并衡量多个发展结果（行为和心理功能；对他人的侵略；学术成就；高风险，高风险，健康促进的行为）。通过使用部分最小二乘潜在变量分析估算的生长曲线模型，我们研究了多种途径，暴力暴露会影响青少年结果。最终可以使用对近端，可修改变量的关注为暴力暴力的青少年提供干预和预防计划。