Spatial Information Codes

空间信息代码

基本信息

批准号：
10189545
负责人：
JENNIFER M GROH
金额：
$ 32.87万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10189545
关键词：
Address Affect Auditory Behavior Brain Brain region Calibration Central Auditory Processing Disorder Code Communication Comprehension Crowding Cues Elements Evaluation Event Health Hearing Impairment Individual Inferior Colliculus Lead Light Link Lipreading Location Maps Methods Needles Neurobiology Neurons Pattern Perception Performance Population Presbycusis Primates Reporting Science Sensory Signal Transduction Speech Statistical Data Interpretation Stimulus Structure System Testing Time Universities Vision Visual Visuospatial Wood material Work auditory stimulus experimental study improved insight meter multimodality neural patterning neuromechanism neurophysiology normal aging novel oculomotor receptive field relating to nervous system response sensory stimulus sensory system skills sound superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina synergism time use visual coding visual information visual map visual receptive field visual stimulus

项目摘要

SUMMARY This project concerns computational challenges in the integration of visual and auditory signals in the brain. The primate brain uses different coding formats to encode the locations of visual and auditory stimuli, with maps of visual space and meters or rate codes for auditory space. The disparity in coding format poses challenges for connecting the visual and auditory aspects of common underlying objects or events. The proposed experiments investigate the possibility that visual stimuli cause fundamental changes in auditory representations, by changing the overall structure of auditory spatial sensitivity (Aim 1) and/or by capturing temporal fluctuations in auditory- evoked activity (Aim 2). These experiments will shed light on the neural mechanisms that can support visual-auditory perceptual phenomena such as the use of lip reading cues to facilitate speech comprehension, and the use of visual information to help focus on a particular sound in a crowded auditory scene such as a cocktail party. These abilities are important in normal, aging, and sensory-impaired populations. The experiments involve a combined approach involving behavior, neurophysiology, and advanced statistical analyses concerning evaluation of fluctuating patterns of neural activity. The work is spearheaded by a collaborative team led by Profs. Surya Tokdar (Statistical Science, Duke University) and Jennifer Groh (Neurobiology, Duke University), and builds on analogies from technological systems such as the use of time division multiplexing to intersperse signals from different sounds into a fluctuating neural firing pattern. This computational approach will yield insights into how sensory systems overcome their differences to work in synergy with each other, particularly when there is competition among stimuli for a slot in neural representations.

概括该项目涉及视觉和听觉整合中的计算挑战大脑中的信号。灵长类动物的大脑使用不同的编码格式来编码视觉和听觉刺激的位置，以及视觉空间和米或速率的地图听觉空间的代码。编码格式的差异给连接常见底层对象或事件的视觉和听觉方面。所提出的实验研究了视觉刺激引起的可能性通过改变听觉表征的整体结构来实现根本性的改变听觉空间敏感性（目标 1）和/或通过捕捉听觉的时间波动诱发活动（目标 2）。这些实验将揭示神经机制可以支持视觉听觉感知现象，例如使用唇读促进言语理解的提示，以及使用视觉信息来帮助集中注意力诸如鸡尾酒会等拥挤的听觉场景中的特定声音。这些能力对于正常人、老年人和感觉障碍人群都很重要。这些实验涉及行为学、神经生理学和关于评估神经波动模式的高级统计分析活动。这项工作是由教授领导的协作团队带头的。苏里亚·托克达尔（杜克大学统计科学）和 Jennifer Groh（杜克大学神经生物学）大学），并建立在技术系统（例如时间的使用）的类比之上分频复用将来自不同声音的信号分散到波动的神经中射击模式。这种计算方法将深入了解感觉系统如何克服差异，相互协同工作，特别是当存在刺激之间的竞争，以争夺神经表征中的一个位置。