Neural mechanisms: Learned audio-visuo-motor integration

神经机制：习得的视听运动整合

基本信息

批准号：
7547049
负责人：
JOHN W BELLIVEAU
金额：
$ 69.21万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-01-01 至 2010-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7547049
关键词：
Adult Area Association Learning Auditory Automobile Driving Behavioral Binding Biological Neural Networks Brain Cell Nucleus Cerebellum Cognition Complement Computer Simulation Data Data Analyses Data Collection Databases Development Diffusion Distant Educational process of instructing Electroencephalography Equation Etiology Exhibits Experimental Designs Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Human Image Individual Japanese Population Language Learning Letters Magnetoencephalography Measurement Medial Methods Modality Modeling Monitor Motor Motor Cortex Names Network-based Neurocognitive Neurosciences Output Perception Phase Process Production Property Psychophysiology Reading Relative (related person)Research Research Personnel Role Semantics Sensory Short-Term Memory Signal Transduction Stimulus Structure System Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Time Visual Work Writing abstracting association cortex base classical conditioning long term memory memory encoding millimeter millisecond multisensory neuroinformatics neuromechanism neurophysiology novel relating to nervous system response spatiotemporal visual motor visual stimulus

项目摘要

This study answers fundamental questions of large-scale neural networks in the human brain supporting crossmodal cognition. To reveal how auditory and visual stimuli and motor acts are arbitrarily combined as a result of crossmodal learning and integrated to supramodal symbolic representations, we will study the neural representations of the letters of the Roman alphabet. These consist of four unimodal representations (visual, auditory, and motor representations for writing and speaking) and learned connections between these, that is, the processes that underlie their audiovisual recognition and motor production. Accurate experimental control is facilitated by the fact that letters exhibit all the necessary properties of symbolic crossmodal representations but in a physically simple and exact format carrying no semantic associations that could confound the neurophysiological interpretation of results. Combined 3-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and 306-channel magnetoencephalographic / 128-channel electroencephalographic (MEG/EEG) techniques with simultaneous behavioral recordings will be applied to pinpoint the exact underlying neural mechanisms. This approach combines the advantages of spatially accurate fMRI with temporally specific MEG/EEG, enabling accurate spatiotemproal characterization of brain activity totally noninvasively. To directly observe how large-scale neurocognitive networks evolve during crossmodal associative learning, we will also conduct fMRI/MEG/EEG measurements before and after our subjects are taught (previously unfamiliar) Japanese kana-letters. The specific aims are to elucidate structure, function, and oscillatory mechanisms of fully established crossmodal neural networks based on previous extensive associative learning (Roman letters) and currently evolving networks representing novel crossmodal associations (Japanese letters). We will characterize the relative roles of deep brain nuclei, cerebellum, medial temporal lobe, and sensory-specific and multisensory association cortices in such networks. The multidimensional experimental design allows isolation of neural mechanisms utilized by perception, working memory, memory encoding, and recall.

这项研究回答了人脑支持大型神经网络的基本问题交叉模式认知。揭示听觉和视觉刺激和运动行为如何任意合并为跨模式学习的结果并整合到超大型符号表示，我们将研究罗马字母的神经表示。这些由四个单峰表示（视觉，听觉和运动表现形式用于写作和说话），并学到了之间的联系这些，即其视听认可和运动生产的基础的过程。准确的字母表现出符号的所有必要属性以促进实验控制跨模式表示，但以物理上简单和精确的格式携带没有语义关联这可能会混淆结果的神经生理解释。组合3泰斯拉功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和306通道磁磁图 / 128通道具有同时行为记录的脑电图（MEG/EEG）技术将应用于查明确切的潜在神经机制。这种方法结合了空间的优势具有时间特定的MEG/EEG的精确fMRI，使大脑的准确表征能够活动完全无创。直接观察大规模神经认知网络的发展交叉模式的协会学习，我们还将在我们之前和之后进行fMRI/MEG/EEG测量教授受试者（以前不熟悉的日本卡纳语字母）。具体目的是阐明基于完全建立的跨模式神经网络的结构，功能和振荡机制以前的广泛的联想学习（罗马字母）和目前代表小说的网络交叉模式协会（日本字母）。我们将表征深脑核的相对作用，小脑，内侧颞叶和感觉特异性和多感官关联皮层网络。多维实验设计允许隔离由感知，工作记忆，内存编码和召回。