Neural mechanisms: Learned audio-visuo-motor integration

神经机制：习得的视听运动整合

• 批准号: 7352668
• 负责人: JOHN W BELLIVEAU
• 金额: $ 68.8万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7352668
• 关键词: Adult; Area; Association Learning; Auditory; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Binding; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Cerebellum; Cognition; Complement; Computer Simulation; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Databases; Depth; Development; Diffusion; Distant; Educational process of instructing; Electroencephalography; Equation; Etiology; Exhibits; Experimental Designs; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Human; Image; Individual; Japanese Population; Language; Learning; Letters; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetoencephalography; Measurement; Medial; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; Motor; Motor Cortex; Names; Network-based; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences; Output; Perception; Phase; Process; Production; Property; Psychophysiology; Range; Reading; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Role; Semantics; Sensory; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Structure; System; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Visual; Work; Writing; abstracting; association cortex; base; classical conditioning; long term memory; memory encoding; millimeter; millisecond; neuroinformatics; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; novel; relating to nervous system; response; spatiotemporal; visual motor; visual stimulus

This study answers fundamental questions of large-scale neural networks in the human brain supporting crossmodal cognition. To reveal how auditory and visual stimuli and motor acts are arbitrarily combined as a result of crossmodal learning and integrated to supramodal symbolic representations, we will study the neural representations of the letters of the Roman alphabet. These consist of four unimodal representations (visual, auditory, and motor representations for writing and speaking) and learned connections between these, that is, the processes that underlie their audiovisual recognition and motor production. Accurate experimental control is facilitated by the fact that letters exhibit all the necessary properties of symbolic crossmodal representations but in a physically simple and exact format carrying no semantic associations that could confound the neurophysiological interpretation of results. Combined 3-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and 306-channel magnetoencephalographic / 128-channel electroencephalographic (MEG/EEG) techniques with simultaneous behavioral recordings will be applied to pinpoint the exact underlying neural mechanisms. This approach combines the advantages of spatially accurate fMRI with temporally specific MEG/EEG, enabling accurate spatiotemproal characterization of brain activity totally noninvasively. To directly observe how large-scale neurocognitive networks evolve during crossmodal associative learning, we will also conduct fMRI/MEG/EEG measurements before and after our subjects are taught (previously unfamiliar) Japanese kana-letters. The specific aims are to elucidate structure, function, and oscillatory mechanisms of fully established crossmodal neural networks based on previous extensive associative learning (Roman letters) and currently evolving networks representing novel crossmodal associations (Japanese letters). We will characterize the relative roles of deep brain nuclei, cerebellum, medial temporal lobe, and sensory-specific and multisensory association cortices in such networks. The multidimensional experimental design allows isolation of neural mechanisms utilized by perception, working memory, memory encoding, and recall.

这项研究回答了人脑支持大型神经网络的基本问题 交叉模式认知。揭示听觉和视觉刺激和运动行为如何任意合并为 跨模式学习的结果并整合到超大型符号表示，我们将研究 罗马字母的神经表示。这些由四个单峰表示 （视觉，听觉和运动表现形式用于写作和说话），并学到了之间的联系 这些，即其视听认可和运动生产的基础的过程。准确的 字母表现出符号的所有必要属性以促进实验控制 跨模式表示，但以物理上简单和精确的格式携带没有语义关联 这可能会混淆结果的神经生理解释。组合3泰斯拉功能磁 共振成像（fMRI）和306通道磁磁图 / 128通道 具有同时行为记录的脑电图（MEG/EEG）技术将应用于 查明确切的潜在神经机制。这种方法结合了空间的优势 具有时间特定的MEG/EEG的精确fMRI，使大脑的准确表征能够 活动完全无创。直接观察大规模神经认知网络的发展 交叉模式的协会学习，我们还将在我们之前和之后进行fMRI/MEG/EEG测量 教授受试者（以前不熟悉的日本卡纳语字母）。具体目的是阐明 基于完全建立的跨模式神经网络的结构，功能和振荡机制 以前的广泛的联想学习（罗马字母）和目前代表小说的网络 交叉模式协会（日本字母）。我们将表征深脑核的相对作用， 小脑，内侧颞叶和感觉特异性和多感官关联皮层 网络。多维实验设计允许隔离由 感知，工作记忆，内存编码和召回。