Cancer Risks Beliefs & Screening

癌症风险信念

• 批准号: 7589131
• 负责人: JENNIFER L HAY
• 金额: $ 30.17万
• 依托单位: SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7589131
• 关键词: Acculturation; Address; Adherence; Affect; Affective; Age; Ambulatory Care; Attenuated; Award; Behavior Control; Behavioral Research; Belief; Cancer Control; Clinic; Cognitive; Colorectal Cancer; Comprehension; Control Locus; Data; Decision Making; Development; Education; Educational Background; Emotional; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Grant; Health; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Hospitals; Immigrant; Income; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Length; Life; Literature; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Medicine; Methodology; Motivation; Observational Study; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Population; Population Sciences; Prevalence; Primary Health Care; Probability; Process; Psychometrics; Questionnaires; Race; Religion and Spirituality; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Science; Screening for cancer; Screening procedure; Self Efficacy; Socioeconomic Status; Solutions; Specificity; Subgroup; Testing; Thinking; Time; Uncertainty; United States; Validity and Reliability; Variant; Work; base; behavioral/social science; cancer prevention; cancer risk; career; colorectal cancer screening; health belief; inner city; literacy; multidisciplinary; novel; programs; prospective; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; residence; risk perception; theories; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): The perception of being at risk for cancer is an important prerequisite for cancer screening adherence, as indicated by empirical evidence and its central role in health behavior theories. Yet existent cancer risk perception measures entail one-item assessments of perceived illness probability, a strategy with known limits to reliability and validity. There are compelling arguments that affective (emotional, feeling-based) and intuitive cognitive (automatic, non-rational) processing is important as individuals' think about their personal cancer risk. We developed a questionnaire to measure affective and intuitive cognitive processing of personal cancer risk (Cancer Risk Beliefs Scale) encompassing five factors (Cognitive Causation, Negative Affect in Risk, Defensive Pessimism about Risk, Unpredictability of Cancer Risk, and Cancer Preventability). This current R21 application tests the construct and predictive validity of Cognitive Causation and Negative Affect in Risk in the context of colorectal cancer screening in 800 diverse, primary care patients ages 50 and over. We propose a prospective, observational study to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing of risk with colorectal cancer screening adherence. The primary hypothesis is that those high in affective and intuitive cognitive processing of risk will have an attenuated relationship between cancer risk perceptions and screening. This would provide a novel way to identify those for whom interventions to increase cancer risk appreciation may be less useful in motivating screening. We will characterize these individuals' beliefs with specificity that will be useful in developing alternative interventions for them. We propose; Aim I: to examine the prevalence and construct validity of cancer risk beliefs in a large, diverse primary care population, Aim II, to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing about cancer risk to colorectal cancer screening adherence, and Aim III, to examine the relationship of affective and intuitive cognitive processing about cancer risk to prospective uptake of colorectal cancer screening. The work proposed here draws on recent research on affect and cognitive processing of uncertainty to offer novel solutions to cancer screening non-adherence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This work draws from recent decision-making research to offer novel solutions to cancer screening nonadherence. The study tests whether affective and intuitive cognitive processing of personal cancer risk, assessed through the newly-developed Cancer Risk Beliefs Scale, is related to colorectal cancer screening adherence in a diverse primary care population. These findings will provide a novel way to identify and intervene with those who are unresponsive to established perceived risk-enhancing screening interventions.

描述（由研究者提供）：如经验证据及其在健康行为理论中的核心作用所表明的那样，有癌症癌症风险的看法是癌症筛查依从性的重要先决条件。然而，现有的癌症风险感知措施需要对感知的疾病概率进行单项评估，这是一种已知限制可靠性和有效性的策略。有令人信服的论点，即情感（情感，基于感觉）和直观的认知（自动，非理性）处理很重要，因为个人对自己的个人癌症风险的思考。我们开发了一份问卷，以衡量个人癌症风险（癌症风险信念量表）的情感和直观认知处理，包括五个因素（认知因果关系，风险负面影响，对风险的防御性悲观，对风险的不可预测性，癌症风险的不可预测性和可预防性）。当前的R21应用程序测试了在800名及50岁及以上的800种不同的初级保健患者中，在大肠癌筛查的背景下，认知因果关系的结构和预测有效性和负面影响。我们提出了一项前瞻性，观察性研究，以研究风险和结直肠癌筛查依从性的情感和直观认知处理的关系。主要的假设是，那些富有情感和直观的风险认知处理的人将在癌症风险感知和筛查之间存在减弱的关系。这将提供一种新型的方式来确定那些为增加癌症风险升值的干预措施的人在激励筛查方面的用处不太有用。我们将以特殊性的特殊性来表征这些人的信念，这些信念将有助于为他们开发替代干预措施。我们提出；目的I：检查癌症风险信念在大型，多样化的初级保健人群中的普遍性和有效性，Aim II，以研究有关癌症风险与结直肠癌筛查依从性的情感和直观认知处理的关系，以及AIM III，以检查有关情感和直觉认知的关系，涉及对癌症风险对癌症风险的癌症癌症筛查的影响。此处提出的工作借鉴了对不确定性的影响和认知处理的最新研究，以提供新的解决方案，以筛查癌症的不遵守。公共卫生相关性：这项工作借鉴了最近的决策研究，为癌症筛查不遵守提供了新的解决方案。该研究测试通过新开发的癌症风险信念量表进行评估的个人癌症风险的情感和直观认知处理是否与多样化的初级保健人群中的大肠癌筛查依从性有关。这些发现将提供一种新颖的方式来识别和干预那些对确定的风险增强筛查干预措施无反应的人。