Affect regulation and Beta Amyloid: Maturational Factors in Aging and Age-Related Pathology

影响调节和 β 淀粉样蛋白：衰老和年龄相关病理学中的成熟因素

• 批准号: 9761593
• 负责人: Lisa Feldman Barrett
• 金额: $ 86.16万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9761593
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Affective; Affective Symptoms; Age; Age-Years; Aging; Altruism; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein; Arousal; Atrophic; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain scan; Cognition; Cognitive; Computer Simulation; Computers; Data Analyses; Dementia; Development; Dimensions; Distress; Elderly; Engineering; Exhibits; Feeling; Film; Goals; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Link; Memory; Methods; Mind; Modeling; Molecular; Mood Disorders; Moods; Motivation; Neurobiology; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Performance; Positive Valence; Psychologist; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Risk; Scientist; Senile Plaques; Services; Social Interaction; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Support System; Symptoms; Testing; Thick; Time; Translating; Work; age related; base; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; depressive symptoms; experience; healthy aging; innovation; middle age; mild cognitive impairment; movie; negative affect; next generation; preservation; prevent; resilience; social; symptomatology; theories; virtual human; virtual reality; young adult

Our goal is to assess how affect regulation strategies are protective of cognitive and affective functioning in those who are at risk of suffering age-related disorders of mood and cognition. According to RFA MH-17-405, studies of maturational shifts in affect regulation often yield inconsistent findings and the neurobiological systems that support affect regulation remain largely untested. In this application, we propose to closely investigate the dynamics and mechanisms of two maturational trajectories that impact affect regulation: increasing age and beta-amyloid plaques within the brain. To date, most efforts have focused on age-related changes in valence regulation (e.g., the age-related positivity effect). Arousal is acknowledged as important, but very little is known about how older adults actively regulate their arousal states, or the proximal and longer- term consequences of such regulation attempts for risk of suffering age-related changes in mood and cognition. Recent findings from our team suggest that those who optimize for momentary comfort cultivate arousal-avoidance affect regulation trajectories, whereas those who optimize for mastery in memory and attention cultivate grit trajectories (the ability to tolerate momentary unpleasantness in the service of some goal that requires effort, which is often transiently experienced as an unpleasant aroused state). Our work also suggests that affect regulation is associated with both the structure and connectivity within two of the brain's core networks: the salience and default mode networks. In older adults, beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques within these two networks are a key pathology—one of the two major molecular hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD)— associated with elevated risk of cognitive decline, symptoms of depression, and dementia. With these observations in mind, our team will combine (a) innovative theory and methods from the study of normal maturational changes in situation-focused affect regulation, (b) structural, functional, and molecular brain imaging, and (c) innovative computational modeling of spatial and temporal dynamics in one large five year study designed to examine how arousal-regulation is associated with changing age and Aβ status. We will characterize situation-focused arousal regulation strategies and cognitive effort at various levels of difficulty using behavioral, experiential, and neurobiological levels of analysis, both in the behavioral lab and during brain scanning. Data analysis will involve constructing dynamic temporal trajectories across performance in each task to characterize arousal-avoidance and grit (i.e., tolerance of high arousal in the service of effort). We will characterize and compare arousal-avoiding and grit regulation trajectories in individuals who vary in age (from 40 to 90 years old), Aβ status, cognitive impairment, and mood symptomatology (distinguishing two types of symptoms: distress (negativity) and apathy (lack of effort or engagement). The findings from the proposed research will be used to develop a longer-term project to determine how the temporal dynamics of affect regulation predict developmental/maturational trajectories for mood disorders and cognitive impairment.

我们的目标是评估影响调节策略如何保护认知和情感功能 根据 RFA MH-17-405，有患与年龄相关的情绪和认知障碍风险的人。 对情感调节成熟转变的研究经常得出不一致的结果，并且神经生物学 在此应用中，我们建议密切关注支持影响监管的系统。 研究影响调节的两种成熟轨迹的动态和机制： 迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在与年龄相关的问题上。 效价调节的变化（例如，与年龄相关的积极性效应）被认为很重要， 但对于老年人如何主动调节他们的觉醒状态，或者近端和长期的状态，人们知之甚少。 这种监管尝试的长期后果是遭受与年龄相关的情绪和情绪变化的风险 我们团队最近的研究结果表明，那些优化暂时舒适感的人是经过培养的。 避免唤醒会影响调节轨迹，而那些优化记忆和掌握能力的人 注意力培养毅力轨迹（为了实现某个目标而容忍暂时不愉快的能力 这需要付出努力，这通常会被短暂地体验为一种不愉快的兴奋状态）。 表明情感调节与大脑两个区域的结构和连接性有关 核心网络：老年人中的显着网络和默认模式网络，其中存在 β-淀粉样蛋白 (Aβ) 斑块。 两个网络是一个关键的病理学——阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的两个主要分子标志之一—— 与认知能力下降、抑郁症状和痴呆症的风险升高有关。 考虑到观察，我们的团队将结合（a）来自正常研究的创新理论和方法 以情境为中心的影响调节的成熟变化，(b) 结构、功能和分子大脑 成像，以及（c）一个大五年内空间和时间动态的创新计算模型 我们将开展旨在研究觉醒调节与年龄变化和 Aβ 状态变化之间关系的研究。 描述以情境为中心的唤醒调节策略和不同难度级别的认知努力 在行为实验室和实验过程中使用行为、经验和神经生物学层面的分析 大脑扫描将涉及构建跨表现的动态时间轨迹。 每项任务都具有回避唤醒和毅力（即为了努力而容忍高唤醒）的特征。 我们将描述和比较不同个体的避免唤醒和毅力调节轨迹。 年龄（40 至 90 岁）、Aβ 状态、认知障碍和情绪症状（区分两种 症状类型：痛苦（消极）和冷漠（缺乏努力或参与）。 拟议的研究将用于开发一个长期项目，以确定时间动态如何 情绪调节可预测情绪障碍和认知障碍的发育/成熟轨迹。