Evaluation of Portable Samplers for Viable Bioaerosols

便携式生物气溶胶采样器的评估

• 批准号: 6825961
• 负责人: GEDIMINAS MAINELIS
• 金额: $ 7.87万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6825961
• 关键词: Bacillus anthracis; Fungi; aerosols; air pollution control; air sampling /monitoring; anthrax; anthrax toxin; bacteria; biohazard detection; bioterrorism /chemical warfare; environmental exposure; evaluation /testing; mathematical model; occupational health /safety; portable biomedical equipment; sample collection; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION: This grant application responds to PA-01-032 "Career Development Grants in Occupational Safety and Health Research". It also responds to NORA's Priority Research Areas: Infectious Diseases, Indoor Environment, and Exposure Assessment Methods. Exposure to airborne biological agents, especially to pathogenic or allergenic microorganisms, may cause a wide range of respiratory and other health disorders in occupational and general populations. Also, there is a threat that certain biological agents, such as anthrax causing Bacillus anthracis spores, may be used as biowarfare agents. Exposure to airborne microorganisms is often assessed by using air samplers designed for monitoring viable microbial aerosols. Currently, there is an increased use of portable samplers for viable aerosols. In this research we will evaluate the physical and biological performances of seven portable bioaerosol samplers that have recently been introduced into the market or modified to meet today's requirements. The physical collection efficiency of the test samplers determined in a laboratory setting with different biological and non-biological test particles will be compared against conventions for inhalable particles. The biological performance of the portable samplers will be compared against an Andersen impactor and an inhalation-based sampler adapted for viable bioaerosols. The biological performance of the portable samplers will be investigated using three species of bacteria and three species of fungi. The test organisms include a simulant of Bacillus anthracis, which will allow determining the efficiency of the samplers when collecting airborne B. anthracis spores. The efficiency of portable samplers when collecting airborne bacteria and fungi will also be evaluated in indoor and outdoor field environments during different seasons. Based on the obtained results, the researchers will develop practical recommendations for using the tested portable bioaerosol samplers, especially as it relates to exposure assessment and particle penetration into the respiratory system. The recommendations produced by this research can then be used by the health professionals and other stakeholders performing bioaerosol exposure monitoring. Future directions of this research will be development of a portable bioaerosol sampler, sampling characteristics of which follow conventions for inhalable, thoracic and respirable particles.

描述：该赠款申请对PA-01-032响应“职业安全与健康研究中的职业发展赠款”。它还回应了NORA的优先研究领域：传染病，室内环境和暴露评估方法。暴露于空中生物学剂，特别是致病性或过敏性微生物，可能会导致职业和一般人群中广泛的呼吸道和其他健康障碍。同样，存在一种威胁，某些生物学剂，例如引起炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子的炭疽剂，可以用作生物果皮剂。通常使用用于监测可行微生物气溶胶的空气采样器来评估空气中的微生物。目前，可行气溶胶的便携式采样器的使用越来越大。在这项研究中，我们将评估最近已将七个便携式生物Aerosol抽样器的物理和生物学表现，它们最近被引入市场或修改以满足当今的要求。将在具有不同生物学和非生物测试颗粒的实验室环境中确定的测试采样器的物理收集效率与吸入颗粒的惯例进行比较。便携式采样器的生物学性能将与安德森撞击器和适用于可行生物溶质的基于吸入的采样器进行比较。将使用三种细菌和三种真菌研究便携式采样器的生物学性能。测试生物包括炭疽芽孢杆菌的模拟剂，这将允许在收集空气寄生的B.炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子时确定采样器的效率。在收集空气传播细菌和真菌时，便携式采样器的效率也将在不同季节的室内和室外环境中进行评估。根据获得的结果，研究人员将为使用经过测试的便携式生物溶质抽样制定提供实用建议，尤其是与暴露评估和颗粒渗透到呼吸系统有关的情况下。然后，这项研究提出的建议可以由卫生专业人员和其他执行生物Aerosol暴露监测的利益相关者使用。这项研究的未来方向将开发便携式生物Aerosol采样器，其采样特征遵循可吸入，胸腔和可吸入颗粒的约定。