FACTORS INFLUENCING COCAINE USE IN HUMANS

影响人类使用可卡因的因素

• 批准号: 2402772
• 负责人: Stephen T Higgins
• 金额: $ 20.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-02-01 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2402772
• 关键词: adult human (21+); amphetamines; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral medicine; buprenorphine; choice; clinical research; cocaine; codeine; dosage; drug abuse; drug abuse therapy; drug interactions; health behavior; human subject; methylphenidate; pentobarbital; preference; psychomotor function; questionnaires; reinforcer; self medication; triazolam

This is a continuation application for a project examining the influence of other drug use on human cocaine use using a laboratory model. The prior project focused on the influence of non-prescription drug use (i.e., alcohol, caffeine, marijuana, and nicotine) and the proposed project will focus on the influence of prescription drug use (i.e., psychomotor stimulants, sedative hypnotics, and opioid analgesics). Understanding the influence of such other drug use on the probability of cocaine use is essential to the development of effective clinical strategies for managing polydrug abuse in cocaine treatment clinics, and could also prove useful to the development of effective pharmacotherapies for cocaine abuse. Laboratory models are important due to the rigorous experimental control they afford and their lower costs compared to clinical trials. In our laboratory model, volunteers participate in a series of experimental sessions in which they make exclusive choices between doses of intranasal cocaine and varying amounts of money. In studies completed to date (l) cocaine use varied as an orderly function of monetary value, demonstrating experimental control over drug use; (2) acute alcohol, but not caffeine, pretreatment increased preference for cocaine over the alternative monetary option, suggesting the model has pharmacological sensitivity and selectivity; and (3) these laboratory findings were concordant with evidence from clinic studies with cocaine-dependent patients, supporting the generalizability of these observations to treatment settings. Six studies are proposed for the next funding period. All examine the acute effects of prescription drugs that are commonly used and abused by cocaine abusers. The specific drugs proposed for study are damphetamine, methylphenidate, pentobarbital, triazolam, codeine, and buprenorphine. These studies wTh provide important new information on (l) how use of these drugs alters preference for cocaine versus alternative, non-drug reinforcers, (2) possible differences between drugs in how they affect cocaine use, and (3) the utility of laboratory models for addressing clinically important issues. Additionally, by examining non-prescription (prior application) and prescription (this application) drugs, this project will contribute a comprehensive experimental analysis of the influence of commonly used drugs on human cocaine use.

这是一个延续应用程序，用于研究 其他药物使用对人类可卡因使用的影响 实验室模型。先前的项目着重于 非处方药物使用（即酒精，咖啡因，大麻和 尼古丁），拟议的项目将重点放在 处方药的使用（即，精神运动刺激剂，镇静剂 催眠药和阿片类镇痛学）。了解的影响 这种其他药物用于可卡因使用的可能性对于 制定有效管理的临床策略 在可卡因治疗诊所滥用多药毒品，也可能证明 可用于开发有效的药物治疗 可卡因滥用。 由于实验室模型很重要 他们负担得起的严格实验控制和较低的成本 与临床试验相比。在我们的实验室模型中，志愿者 参加他们进行的一系列实验会议 鼻内可卡因剂量和变化之间的独家选择 金额。在完成的研究中，可卡因使用 随着货币价值的有序功能而变化，证明 对药物使用的实验控制； （2）急性酒精，但不是 咖啡因，预处理增加对可卡因而不是 替代货币选择，表明该模型具有 药理灵敏度和选择性； （3）这些实验室 调查结果与诊所研究的证据一致 可卡因依赖性患者，支持这些患者的普遍性 观察治疗环境。 提出了六项研究 下一个资金期。所有人都检查处方的急性影响 通常被可卡因施虐者使用和滥用的药物。这 提出的研究的特定药物是damphetamine， 哌醋甲酯，戊巴比妥，三唑仑，可待因和 丁丙诺啡。 这些研究提供了重要的新 有关（L）使用这些药物的信息如何改变对 可卡因与替代方案，非毒品增强剂，（2） 药物在影响可卡因的使用方式上的差异，（3） 实验室模型解决临床重要的实用性 问题。另外，通过检查非处方（先验 应用）和处方（此应用）药物，该项目 将对 常用药物对人类可卡因使用的影响。