Mindfulness for Alcohol Abusing Offenders: Mechanisms and Outcomes

酗酒者的正念：机制和结果

• 批准号: 10668853
• 负责人: KENT A KIEHL
• 金额: $ 69.01万
• 依托单位: LOVELACE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10668853
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Affective; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Anterior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Collection; Communities; Consultations; Control Groups; Data; Development; Evaluation; Exhibits; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Forensic Medicine; Funding; Goals; Imprisonment; Impulsivity; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Meditation; Methodology; Mind; Mindfulness Training; Monitor; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neuropsychology; New Mexico; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Prevention program; Prisoner; Prisons; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Records; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Sampling; Severities; Site; Social Interaction; Societies; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Treatment Efficacy; United States National Institutes of Health; Wisconsin; Work; alcohol abuse therapy; alcohol craving; alcohol use disorder; antisocial behavior; base; behavior measurement; cost; craving; criminal behavior; design; disorder later incidence prevention; effective intervention; effective therapy; efficacious treatment; executive function; experience; functional improvement; high risk population; improved; interest; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; offender; parole; probation; programs; promoter; psychologic; racial and ethnic; recidivism; recruit; reduced alcohol use; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skills; substance abuse treatment; substance use; success; therapy development; therapy resistant; treatment as usual; treatment risk; Abstinence; Address; Affective; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Anterior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Collection; Communities; Consultations; Control Groups; Data; Development; Evaluation; Exhibits; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Forensic Medicine; Funding; Goals; Imprisonment; Impulsivity; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Meditation; Methodology; Mind; Mindfulness Training; Monitor; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neuropsychology; New Mexico; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Prevention program; Prisoner; Prisons; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Records; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Sampling; Severities; Site; Social Interaction; Societies; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Treatment Efficacy; United States National Institutes of Health; Wisconsin; Work; alcohol abuse therapy; alcohol craving; alcohol use disorder; antisocial behavior; base; behavior measurement; cost; craving; criminal behavior; design; disorder later incidence prevention; effective intervention; effective therapy; efficacious treatment; executive function; experience; functional improvement; high risk population; improved; interest; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; offender; parole; probation; programs; promoter; psychologic; racial and ethnic; recidivism; recruit; reduced alcohol use; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skills; substance abuse treatment; substance use; success; therapy development; therapy resistant; treatment as usual; treatment risk

PROJECT SUMMARY The pernicious link between substance abuse and criminal behavior imposes major costs to society, totaling billions of dollars in the U.S. annually. There is a critical need for more effective interventions to counteract the high rates of relapse and recidivism in alcohol and substance abusing criminal offenders. Periods of offender incarceration provide a unique opportunity to develop and deploy such interventions. Progress in intervention development could be achieved by targeting specific cognitive and affective vulnerabilities that are common among substance abusing criminal offenders. Preliminary studies suggest that meditative or mindfulness interventions may confer significant psychological and behavioral benefits to inmates. However, the mechanisms and extent of intervention efficacy are unclear, as these previous studies have been beset by a number of methodological limitations. Moreover, to date no study has examined the neurobiological mechanisms that relate to treatment success in this population. NIAAA has recently made a program call to address these issues (PA-15-299). Here we answer this program call and propose to undertake a rigorous and comprehensive longitudinal study of mindfulness treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders among female inmates. This project will randomly assign over 400 female inmates to a mindfulness or relapse prevention training course, and both will be compared against a no treatment control. The mindfulness intervention will be tailored to address two key neuropsychological deficits in alcohol abusing criminal offenders: impulsivity and craving. We will test hypotheses about the neural changes over time with treatment to elucidate mechanisms of change. We will obtain estimates of “real-world” efficacy of the intervention by collecting outcome measures in prison (conduct reports) and following release (alcohol use relapse and antisocial behavior). This project takes advantage of a unique, longstanding partnership between the research team and the states of New Mexico and Wisconsin Correction Departments that allows collection of comprehensive assessment data from inmates during incarceration, including brain imaging data with a mobile MRI scanner, as well as access to post-release outcomes and relapse data. Completion of these aims is a critical step for implementing and evaluating a promising mindfulness intervention for this high-risk population. The proposed research will also begin to elucidate the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of the treatment. These results will thus significantly advance a program of research seeking to translate the growing knowledge of neuropsychological deficits into more targeted and effective treatments for alcohol and substance abuse problems in criminal offenders.

项目摘要 药物滥用与犯罪行为之间的有害联系不可能为社会带来重大赔偿，总计 每年在美国数十亿美元。迫切需要更有效的干预措施来抵消 酒精和滥用刑事犯罪者的救济和累犯的率很高。罪犯的时期 监禁为制定和部署这种干预措施提供了独特的机会。干预进展 可以通过针对特定的认知和情感脆弱性来实现发展 在滥用刑事罪犯的物质中。初步研究表明冥想或正念 干预措施可能会给囚犯带来重大的心理和行为益处。但是， 干预效率的机制和程度尚不清楚，因为这些先前的研究已由 方法上的局限性数量。此外，迄今为止尚无研究检查神经生物学 与该人群中治疗成功有关的机制。 NIAAA最近打电话给 解决这些问题（PA-15-299）。在这里，我们回答此计划的呼吁和建议，以进行严格的和 对酒精和物质使用障碍的正念治疗的全面纵向研究 女囚犯。该项目将随机分配400多名女囚犯 预防培训课程将与无治疗控制进行比较。正念 干预措施将针对滥用犯罪的两种关键神经心理缺陷解决 罪犯：冲动和渴望。我们将通过治疗随着时间的流逝来检验有关神经变化的假设 阐明变化机制。我们将通过 收集监狱中的成果措施（行为报告）和释放之后（酒精使用遗产和 反社会行为）。该项目利用研究之间的独特，长期的伙伴关系 团队以及新墨西哥州和威斯康星州校正部门，允许收集 监禁期间囚犯的全面评估数据，包括使用移动的大脑成像数据 MRI扫描仪，以及访问后释放结果和中继数据。这些目标的完成是 为这个高风险人群实施和评估承诺正念干预的关键步骤。 拟议的研究还将开始阐明 治疗。因此，这些结果将大大提高一项研究计划，以试图翻译不断增长 对神经心理缺陷的了解，对酒精和对酒精的有效疗法和有效的治疗 刑事罪犯的药物滥用问题。