Isolation and Loneliness Underlying Misuse and Increased Use of Alcohol as a function of Stress and Coping Efforts

作为压力和应对努力的函数，滥用和增加饮酒背后的孤立和孤独感

• 批准号: 10651357
• 负责人: MICHAEL FENDRICH
• 金额: $ 44.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10651357
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Anniversary; Articulation; Automobile Driving; Behavioral Mechanisms; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Calibration; Chronic; Chronic stress; Complement; Complex; Coping Behavior; Crime; Data; Data Reporting; Economics; Environment; Feeling; Funding Opportunities; Future; Geographic Locations; Geography; Hand; Individual; Infection; Intervention; Link; Location; Loneliness; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Play; Prevention; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Racial Segregation; Recovery; Research; Role; Sampling; Services; Social Interaction; Social isolation; Societies; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Stress and Coping; Surveys; Testing; Time; Transact; Unemployment; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Waxes; alcohol misuse; behavioral response; commune; coping; coronavirus disease; design; emotion regulation; ethnic segregation; future pandemic; high risk; high risk drinking; housing instability; indexing; new pandemic; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; post-pandemic; prospective; social stressor; social vulnerability; stress management; stressor; substance misuse; substance use; trend

The IsoLation and Loneliness Underlying Misuse and INcreased use of Alcohol as a function of sTress and coping Efforts (ILLUMINATE) project will test adaptive/maladaptive coping as the mechanisms of action linking objective social isolation and subjective feelings of loneliness with alcohol use/misuse across the United States and stress as the moderator of these mediational effects in two separate studies. We will enhance our ability to test this model in our in-hand self-reported data from Study 1 on loneliness, stress, coping, and alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic when changing executive orders limited social interaction by dint of closures and reduced capacity. We collected data on a national sample of adults (N=1,550) during the first peak of US average COVID-19 daily infections in April, 2020 and at five additional points over the subsequent 12 months. Our surveys collected key self-report data on how people coped in the face of extensive social isolation, loneliness and concurrent pervasive chronic stress and alcohol consumption. We propose to add geographic location of the sample participants, which will allow us to create indicators of place-based social isolation and stressors (including an index of shelter-in-place, restrictions/closing of places of social interaction, and unemployment rates at each assessment point during COVID) and other stressors specific to a location such as economic and social vulnerabilities, housing instability, racial and ethnic segregation, and crime rates. Our first aim is to test adaptive (active coping, reappraisal) and maladaptive (avoidance) coping efforts as the behavioral mechanism driving alcohol use and high risk drinking over the course of the pandemic, testing the extent to which these coping processes mediate linkages between social isolation/loneliness and alcohol use/misuse, and our second aim is to determine whether cumulative-multilevel stress burden (individual and place-based) moderates the linkages between social isolation, loneliness, adaptive/maladaptive coping, and alcohol use/misuse. We will then collect prospective data for Study 2 in a nationally representative sample over 6 assessment points (N=1,550), again integrating objective geospatial indicators, to test the model of these linkages again (Aims 1 and 2) and to determine the extent to which our model of these relationships differed in a time of enforced isolation and communal stress from a more ordinary time period post-pandemic (Aim 3). Importantly, the repeated measures design in both samples allows us to model trajectories of alcohol use and misuse and the complex relationships among social isolation, loneliness, stress, and adaptive/maladaptive coping processes over time. Closely aligned with the NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement PAR-21-350, our assessment of the impact of isolation and loneliness in the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic periods on alcohol use/misuse has considerable implications for developing prevention and intervention efforts calibrated for the post-pandemic environment.

滥用酒精和增加饮酒背后的隔离和孤独感是压力和压力的结果 应对努力（ILLUMINATE）项目将测试适应性/适应不良应对作为联系的行动机制 美国各地因饮酒/滥用酒精而产生的客观社会孤立感和主观孤独感 在两项独立的研究中，压力作为这些中介效应的调节因素。我们将增强我们的能力 在研究 1 中关于孤独、压力、应对和饮酒的现有自我报告数据中测试该模型 在 COVID-19 大流行期间，行政命令的变更导致关闭限制了社交互动 并减少了容量。我们收集了美国第一个高峰期间全国成年人样本 (N=1,550) 的数据 2020 年 4 月以及随后 12 个月内另外五个点的平均每日感染人数。 我们的调查收集了有关人们如何应对广泛的社会孤立的重要自我报告数据， 孤独和并发的普遍慢性压力和饮酒。我们建议添加地理 样本参与者的位置，这将使我们能够创建基于地点的社会隔离指标 压力源（包括就地避难、限制/关闭社交场所的指数，以及 新冠疫情期间每个评估点的失业率）以及特定地点的其他压力源，例如 如经济和社会脆弱性、住房不稳定、种族和民族隔离以及犯罪率。我们的 第一个目标是测试适应性（积极应对、重新评估）和适应不良（回避）应对努力 在大流行期间驱动酒精使用和高风险饮酒的行为机制，测试了 这些应对过程在多大程度上调解了社会孤立/孤独与酒精之间的联系 使用/误用，我们的第二个目标是确定累积的多级压力负担（个人和 基于地点）调节社会孤立、孤独、适应性/适应不良应对和 酒精使用/滥用。然后，我们将在全国代表性样本中收集研究 2 的前瞻性数据 6个评估点（N=1,550），再次整合客观地理空间指标，以测试这些评估点的模型 再次联系（目标 1 和 2）并确定我们的这些关系模型的差异程度 大流行后一段时期的强制隔离和公共压力（目标 3）。 重要的是，两个样本中的重复测量设计使我们能够模拟酒精使用轨迹和 误用以及社会孤立、孤独、压力和适应/适应不良之间的复杂关系 随着时间的推移应对过程。与 NIH 资助机会公告 PAR-21-350 密切一致， 我们对 COVID-19 大流行和大流行后隔离和孤独影响的评估 饮酒/滥用酒精的时期对制定预防和干预工作具有相当大的影响 针对大流行后的环境进行了校准。