Isolation and Loneliness Underlying Misuse and Increased Use of Alcohol as a function of Stress and Coping Efforts

作为压力和应对努力的函数，滥用和增加饮酒背后的孤立和孤独感

• 批准号: 10651357
• 负责人: MICHAEL FENDRICH
• 金额: $ 44.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10651357
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Anniversary; Articulation; Automobile Driving; Behavioral Mechanisms; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Calibration; Chronic; Chronic stress; Complement; Complex; Coping Behavior; Crime; Data; Data Reporting; Economics; Environment; Feeling; Funding Opportunities; Future; Geographic Locations; Geography; Hand; Individual; Infection; Intervention; Link; Location; Loneliness; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Play; Prevention; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Racial Segregation; Recovery; Research; Role; Sampling; Services; Social Interaction; Social isolation; Societies; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Stress and Coping; Surveys; Testing; Time; Transact; Unemployment; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Waxes; alcohol misuse; behavioral response; commune; coping; coronavirus disease; design; emotion regulation; ethnic segregation; future pandemic; high risk; high risk drinking; housing instability; indexing; new pandemic; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; post-pandemic; prospective; social stressor; social vulnerability; stress management; stressor; substance misuse; substance use; trend

The IsoLation and Loneliness Underlying Misuse and INcreased use of Alcohol as a function of sTress and coping Efforts (ILLUMINATE) project will test adaptive/maladaptive coping as the mechanisms of action linking objective social isolation and subjective feelings of loneliness with alcohol use/misuse across the United States and stress as the moderator of these mediational effects in two separate studies. We will enhance our ability to test this model in our in-hand self-reported data from Study 1 on loneliness, stress, coping, and alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic when changing executive orders limited social interaction by dint of closures and reduced capacity. We collected data on a national sample of adults (N=1,550) during the first peak of US average COVID-19 daily infections in April, 2020 and at five additional points over the subsequent 12 months. Our surveys collected key self-report data on how people coped in the face of extensive social isolation, loneliness and concurrent pervasive chronic stress and alcohol consumption. We propose to add geographic location of the sample participants, which will allow us to create indicators of place-based social isolation and stressors (including an index of shelter-in-place, restrictions/closing of places of social interaction, and unemployment rates at each assessment point during COVID) and other stressors specific to a location such as economic and social vulnerabilities, housing instability, racial and ethnic segregation, and crime rates. Our first aim is to test adaptive (active coping, reappraisal) and maladaptive (avoidance) coping efforts as the behavioral mechanism driving alcohol use and high risk drinking over the course of the pandemic, testing the extent to which these coping processes mediate linkages between social isolation/loneliness and alcohol use/misuse, and our second aim is to determine whether cumulative-multilevel stress burden (individual and place-based) moderates the linkages between social isolation, loneliness, adaptive/maladaptive coping, and alcohol use/misuse. We will then collect prospective data for Study 2 in a nationally representative sample over 6 assessment points (N=1,550), again integrating objective geospatial indicators, to test the model of these linkages again (Aims 1 and 2) and to determine the extent to which our model of these relationships differed in a time of enforced isolation and communal stress from a more ordinary time period post-pandemic (Aim 3). Importantly, the repeated measures design in both samples allows us to model trajectories of alcohol use and misuse and the complex relationships among social isolation, loneliness, stress, and adaptive/maladaptive coping processes over time. Closely aligned with the NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement PAR-21-350, our assessment of the impact of isolation and loneliness in the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic periods on alcohol use/misuse has considerable implications for developing prevention and intervention efforts calibrated for the post-pandemic environment.

隔离和孤独感是滥用滥用和增加酒精作为压力和 应对工作（照明）项目将测试自适应/适应不良的应对作为链接的动作机制 在美国，客观的社会隔离和主观的孤独感与酒精使用/滥用 在两项单独的研究中，压力是这些中介作用的主持人。我们将增强我们的能力 在研究1的有关孤独，压力，应对和饮酒的研究1中测试该模型 在COVID-19的大流行期间，更改执行命令时，通过关闭的限制社会互动有限 和容量降低。我们在美国第一个高峰期间收集了有关成年人的国家样本（n = 1,550）的数据 2020年4月的平均Covid-19每日感染和随后12个月的额外五个点。 我们的调查收集了关键的自我报告数据，了解人们面对广泛的社会隔离，如何应对 孤独和同时普遍的慢性压力和饮酒。我们建议添加地理 样本参与者的位置，这将使我们能够创建基于地点的社会隔离的指标 压力源（包括现场庇护所指数，社会互动场所的限制/关闭以及 在互联期间每个评估点的失业率）和其他特定地点的压力源 作为经济和社会脆弱性，住房不稳定，种族和种族隔离以及犯罪率。我们的 第一个目的是测试适应性（主动应对，重新评估）和适应不良（避免）应对努力作为 在大流行过程中，驱动酒精使用和高风险饮酒的行为机制，测试 这些应对过程介导社会隔离/孤独与酒精之间的联系的程度 使用/滥用，我们的第二个目的是确定累积的累积压力负担是否（个人和个人） 基于地点）调节社会隔离，孤独，适应性/适应不良的应对与 酒精使用/滥用。然后，我们将在全国代表性样本中收集研究2的前瞻性数据 6个评估点（n = 1,550），再次整合客观地理空间指标，以测试这些模型 再次联系（目标1和2），并确定我们的这些关系模型在多大程度上不同 在流行后更普通的时间段的强迫隔离和公共压力的时间（AIM 3）。 重要的是，这两个样本中的重复测量设计都使我们能够建模酒精使用的轨迹和 滥用和社会隔离，孤独，压力和适应性/适应不良的复杂关系 随着时间的推移应对过程。与NIH资助机会公告紧密一致，PAR-21-350， 我们评估隔离和孤独感在Covid-19的大流行和流行后的影响 关于饮酒/滥用的时期对发展预防和干预工作具有很大的影响 为大流行环境进行校准。