Leveraging Bifactor Modeling to Test Prospective Direct and Mediational Effects of Adolescent Alcohol Use and Externalizing Symptoms on the Neurobiological Development of Executive Functioning

利用双因素模型测试青少年饮酒和外化症状对执行功能神经生物学发展的预期直接和中介影响

• 批准号: 10310579
• 负责人: Kathleen Paige
• 金额: $ 3.33万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10310579
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol consumption; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Child Rearing; Complex; Consensus; Data; Development; Dimensions; Drug usage; Event; Failure; Family; Fellowship; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Heterogeneity; Institution; Intervention; Lead; Life; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Low Prevalence; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mental Processes; Methodology; Methods; Michigan; Modeling; Neurobiology; Parents; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Policies; Policy Maker; Prevention program; Process; Public Health; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Social Adjustment; Social Development; Social Environment; Social Functioning; Specific qualifier value; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Work; Youth; addiction; adolescent alcohol effect; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; anti social; children of alcoholics; cognitive capacity; early adolescence; early alcohol use; emerging adult; executive function; experience; functional MRI scan; high risk; interest; multilevel analysis; neuroimaging; neurotoxic; parental monitoring; peer; physical conditioning; prospective; prospective test; protective factors; psychosocial; social; success; theories; underage drinking

7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Adolescence is a period of substantial brain maturation30. Considering the neurobiological development that occurs during this period, a central concern to researchers, policy makers, and parents is the impact of adolescent alcohol use (AU) on cognitive capacities critical to life success, like executive functioning (EF). EF refers to a family of top-down mental processes that support concentration, attention, and behavioral regulation44. Healthy development of EF is essential for mental and physical health, academic achievement, and success in life31,32. It has been proposed that adolescent AU produces physiological and neurobiological events that derail healthy EF development18,30. However, support for this association has been mixed8,35. Equivocal support may be due to (1) failure of past work to consider AU in the broader context of externalizing symptoms and social development33-35, and (2) lack of neuroimaging and behavioral task measures of EF20,36. Adolescent AU often occurs in a broader context of externalizing symptoms (rule-breaking, aggression) and other drug use38, and there is evidence that externalizing symptoms disrupt healthy development of EF through a developmental cascade that involves poor adaptation across multiple contexts (parenting, peers, school)16,17. Co-occurring drug use may also have direct neurotoxic effects that derail EF7,13,18. Hence, poor EF that has been attributed to the neurotoxic effects of adolescent AU may actually be due to these other co-occurring behaviors. Additionally, equivocal support for the AU-EF association may be due to considerable heterogeneity in measurement of EF36. No ‘‘process-pure’’ measures to assess EF exist102. Therefore, multimethod approaches are essential102 and theories of addiction assert that it is critically important to use neuroimaging and task methods to measure EF101. This fellowship seeks to provide clarity to the AU-EF literature. We propose to (1) distinguish general externalizing symptoms from domain specific symptoms (including AU, aggression, rule-breaking, drug use) using sophisticated longitudinal bifactor modeling, (2) examine prospective associations between general externalizing symptoms and domain specific symptoms, and EF (measured by fMRI and a behavioral task) across adolescence and early adulthood, and (3) examine whether poor adaptation across several social contexts (parents, peers, and school) mediates associations between externalizing symptoms and deficits in EF. A high-risk longitudinal sample (N=3,337) of children of alcoholics from the Michigan Longitudinal Study will be used to test the proposed aims46. Data will include self-reports of AU, drug use, externalizing symptoms, and social functioning, and an EF behavioral task during fMRI scanning at four waves spanning early adolescence to early adulthood. Our longitudinal data will allow us to examine when risk and protective factors to EF may be especially salient, informing the timing of interventions. Results will advance our understanding of how AU and co-occurring externalizing symptoms, and social adaptation impact trajectories of EF development, and may identity important intervention targets to promoting healthy EF.

7。项目摘要/摘要 青春期是大脑成熟的一段时期30。考虑到神经生物学发展 发生在此期间，研究人员，政策制定者和父母的关注是 青少年饮酒（AU）对生活成功至关重要的认知能力，例如执行功能（EF）。 指的是一个自上而下的心理过程，这些家庭支持集中注意力，注意力和行为 法规44。 EF的健康发展对于身心健康，学术成就至关重要， 和生命中的成功31,32。有人提出，青少年AU产生生理和神经生物学 使健康EF开发脱轨的事件18,30。但是，对该关联的支持已混合8,35。 模棱两可的支持可能是由于（1）过去工作未能在更广泛的背景下考虑AU 症状和社会发展33-35，以及（2）缺乏EF20,36的神经成像和行为任务指标。 青少年经常发生在更广泛的外在症状（规则破坏，侵略性）和 其他药物使用38，有证据表明外在症状通过 一种发展性级联，涉及多种环境（育儿，同龄人，学校）的适应性不佳16,17。 同时发生的药物使用也可能具有直接的神经毒性作用，使EF7,13,18。因此，具有可怜的EF 归因于青少年AU的神经毒性作用实际上可能是由于这些其他共同发生的 行为。此外，对AU-EF关联的模棱两可的支持可能是由于相当多的异质性 在EF36的测量中。没有````过程''因此，多途径 方法是必需的102，成瘾的理论断言，使用神经影像至关重要 和测量EF101的任务方法。该奖学金旨在为AU-EF文学提供清晰度。我们 提议（1）将一般外部化症状与特定症状区分开（包括AU， 使用复杂的纵向双因子建模的侵略性，破坏规则，吸毒），（2）检查 一般外部化症状和特定症状的一般外部化症状与EF之间的前瞻性关联 （通过fMRI和行为任务衡量）在青少年和成年初期，以及（3）检查是否是否检查 在几种社会环境（父母，同龄人和学校）之间的适应不良会导致协会之间的关联 外在化符号并在EF中定义。酗酒儿童的高风险纵向样本（n = 3,337） 从密歇根州的纵向研究中，将用于测试拟议的目标46。数据将包括自我报告 au，药物使用，外在症状和社交功能以及fMRI扫描期间的EF行为任务 在跨越青春期早期到成年早期的四波波浪中。我们的纵向数据将使我们能够检查 当风险和受保护因素对EF时可能特别明显，以告知干预措施的时机。结果 将促进我们对AU和共同出现外在症状以及社会适应的理解 影响EF发展的轨迹，并可能具有重要的干预目标以促进健康的EF。