Cortico-Hippocampal Circuit Dynamics in Humans

人类皮质海马回路动力学

• 批准号: 9983228
• 负责人: Robert Thomas Knight
• 金额: $ 62.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9983228
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Association Learning; Behavior; Binding; Brain; Categories; Cells; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Coupled; Coupling; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Epilepsy; Episodic memory; Evaluation; Evolution; Exhibits; Frequencies; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Impairment; Implanted Electrodes; Intervention; Knowledge; Lateral; Learning; Link; Location; Major Depressive Disorder; Medial; Memory; Memory Disorders; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neurons; Neurosciences; Operative Surgical Procedures; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Prefrontal Cortex; Primates; Process; Psyche structure; Research; Resolution; Retrieval; Role; Services; Sleep; Slow-Wave Sleep; Stimulus; Synaptic plasticity; System; Testing; Thinness; Time; Training; Visual; autism spectrum disorder; base; classical conditioning; density; experience; experimental study; improved; insight; memory consolidation; memory retention; neocortical; nervous system disorder; neuromechanism; neurotransmission; non rapid eye movement; nonhuman primate; novel; programs; relating to nervous system; sleep spindle; theories; virtual reality

PROJECT SUMMARY: The ability to learning rapidly is one of the defining features of human cognition. Despite its importance, the circuit mechanism that governs rapid learning in humans is unknown. It has been proposed that prior-knowledge or a “mental schema” facilitates rapid learning via prefrontal-hippocampal network interactions to improve acquisition of novel associative memory. There is, however, limited empirical evidence supporting this model of learning. Moreover, comparisons of circuit dynamics underlying rapid learning have not been conducted between humans and nonhuman primates. The proposal bridges systems neuroscience across primate species and addresses three fundamental knowledge gaps: 1) Circuit dynamics between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus that support associative and categorical learning, 2) The influence sleep overnight on memory retention, 3) Commonalities and differences in neural activity and circuit dynamics between human and nonhuman primates during learning. To establish cross-species comparisons, we will conducts a set of experiments in humans tightly linked to the nonhuman primate projects to elucidate the circuit mechanisms of cortical-hippocampal interactions during rapid schema-based and categorical learning. The pre-surgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy provides a unique and potent opportunity to study these brain networks directly. Specially, we will use large-scale high-density intracranial electrodes to record neural signals from prefrontal cortex and hippocampus while patients perform associative and categorical learning. We will also leverage the unique ability to record single neurons in the human hippocampus and medial prefrontal regions to directly compare neural activity across species. Our studies will greatly advance the neurobiology of learning and memory, for which impairments form core clinical features of diverse neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, autism, major depression, and epilepsy. Understanding the neural mechanisms of rapid learning will provide critical framework to develop circuit specific intervention in people with disordered memory.

项目摘要：快速学习的能力是人类认知的定义特征之一。 尽管它的重要性，但在人类中迅速学习的电路机制尚不清楚。它一直 提出先前的知识或“心理模式”的收藏夹快速学习通过前额叶海马 网络相互作用以改善新型联想记忆的获取。但是，经验有限 支持这种学习模型的证据。此外，比较迅速的电路动力学的比较 在人类和非人类隐私之间尚未进行学习。提案桥系统 跨主要物种的神经科学，解决三个基本知识差距：1）电路动态 在支持联想和分类学习的前额叶皮层和海马之间，2） 在保留记忆力的情况下一夜之间影响睡眠，3）神经活动和电路的共同点和差异 在学习过程中，人类和非人类隐私之间的动态。为了建立跨物种比较， 我们将在与非人类灵长类项目紧密相关的人类中进行一系列实验，以阐明 在快速模式和分类过程中，皮质 - 海马相互作用的电路机制 学习。对癫痫患者的手术前评估为您提供了独特而潜在的机会 直接研究这些大脑网络。特别是，我们将使用大规模的高密度颅内电子 在患者进行联想和 分类学习。我们还将利用在人类中记录单个神经元的独特能力 海马和中位前额叶区域直接比较跨物种的神经活动。我们的研究将 大大推进了学习和记忆的神经生物学，为此，损害构成了核心的临床特征 多种神经系统疾病，例如阿尔茨海默氏病，自闭症，严重抑郁症和癫痫病。 了解快速学习的神经机制将为开发电路提供关键的框架 对记忆无序的人进行具体干预。