Cortico-Hippocampal Circuit Dynamics in Humans

人类皮质海马回路动力学

基本信息

批准号：
9983228
负责人：
Robert Thomas Knight
金额：
$ 62.07万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-15 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9983228
关键词：
Address Alzheimer&apos s Disease Association Learning Behavior Binding Brain Categories Cells Clinical Cognition Cognitive Communication Coupled Coupling Electrodes Electrophysiology (science)Environment Epilepsy Episodic memory Evaluation Evolution Exhibits Frequencies Goals Hippocampus (Brain)Human Impairment Implanted Electrodes Intervention Knowledge Lateral Learning Link Location Major Depressive Disorder Medial Memory Memory Disorders Modeling Neurobiology Neurons Neurosciences Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Pattern Phase Prefrontal Cortex Primates Process Psyche structure Research Resolution Retrieval Role Services Sleep Slow-Wave Sleep Stimulus Synaptic plasticity System Testing Thinness Time Training Visual autism spectrum disorder base classical conditioning density experience experimental study improved insight memory consolidation memory retention neocortical nervous system disorder neuromechanism neurotransmission non rapid eye movement nonhuman primate novel programs relating to nervous system sleep spindle theories virtual reality

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY: The ability to learning rapidly is one of the defining features of human cognition. Despite its importance, the circuit mechanism that governs rapid learning in humans is unknown. It has been proposed that prior-knowledge or a “mental schema” facilitates rapid learning via prefrontal-hippocampal network interactions to improve acquisition of novel associative memory. There is, however, limited empirical evidence supporting this model of learning. Moreover, comparisons of circuit dynamics underlying rapid learning have not been conducted between humans and nonhuman primates. The proposal bridges systems neuroscience across primate species and addresses three fundamental knowledge gaps: 1) Circuit dynamics between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus that support associative and categorical learning, 2) The influence sleep overnight on memory retention, 3) Commonalities and differences in neural activity and circuit dynamics between human and nonhuman primates during learning. To establish cross-species comparisons, we will conducts a set of experiments in humans tightly linked to the nonhuman primate projects to elucidate the circuit mechanisms of cortical-hippocampal interactions during rapid schema-based and categorical learning. The pre-surgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy provides a unique and potent opportunity to study these brain networks directly. Specially, we will use large-scale high-density intracranial electrodes to record neural signals from prefrontal cortex and hippocampus while patients perform associative and categorical learning. We will also leverage the unique ability to record single neurons in the human hippocampus and medial prefrontal regions to directly compare neural activity across species. Our studies will greatly advance the neurobiology of learning and memory, for which impairments form core clinical features of diverse neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, autism, major depression, and epilepsy. Understanding the neural mechanisms of rapid learning will provide critical framework to develop circuit specific intervention in people with disordered memory.

项目摘要：快速学习的能力是人类认知的定义特征之一。尽管它很重要，但控制人类快速学习的回路机制尚不清楚。提出先验知识或“心理模式”有助于通过前额叶海马体进行快速学习然而，通过网络交互来改善新的联想记忆的获取的经验是有限的。此外，支持这种学习模型的证据还包括快速的电路动力学比较。所提出的桥梁系统尚未在人类和非人类灵长类动物之间进行学习。跨灵长类物种的神经科学，并解决三个基本知识差距：1）电路动力学前额皮质和海马体之间支持联想和分类学习，2）过夜睡眠对记忆保留的影响，3）神经活动和回路的共性和差异人类和非人类灵长类动物在学习过程中的动态建立跨物种比较，我们将在人类身上进行一系列与非人类灵长类动物项目密切相关的实验，以阐明快速基于图式和分类过程中皮质-海马相互作用的回路机制癫痫患者的术前评估提供了独特且有效的机会。特别是，我们将使用大规模高密度颅内电极来直接研究这些大脑网络。当患者进行联想和海马体时，记录来自前额皮质和海马体的神经信号我们还将利用记录人类单个神经元的独特能力。我们的研究将使用海马体和内侧前额叶区域来直接比较不同物种的神经活动。极大地推进了学习和记忆的神经生物学，其中损伤构成了学习和记忆的核心临床特征多种神经系统疾病，如阿尔茨海默病、自闭症、重度抑郁症和癫痫症。了解快速学习的神经机制将为开发电路提供关键框架对记忆障碍患者进行特定干预。