The role of substance use trajectory on the association between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence: a gene-environment study

物质使用轨迹对儿童虐待与亲密伴侣暴力之间关系的作用：基因环境研究

基本信息

批准号：
9978031
负责人：
Aura Ankita Mishra
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-15 至 2020-07-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Abstract The objective of this research is to understand the development of substance use (SU) from adolescence to adulthood, as a mediator of the cycle of childhood maltreatment and adult intimate partner violence (IPV; perpetrating and being a victim). We also consider the potential for gene-environment interactions on this developmental pathway by creating polygenic risk scores (PRS) for SU. The interaction between co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and genetic risk for SU are not fully evaluated for SU development from adolescence to adulthood. Further, SU problems and history of childhood maltreatment are both linked to perpetrating and becoming victims of violence, particularly intimate partner violence (IPV) during adulthood. Thus, it is likely that the developmental trajectory of SU is a mediator between multiple co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and IPV perpetration or victimization. However, it is also possible that this association is influenced (e.g., moderated) by genetic predispositions for SU pathology. The present study has several practical implications. A key practical implication of this work could include efficient identification of individuals at higher and lower risk of SU and IPV based on their maltreatment exposure and genetic risk. For example, it is possible that certain combinations of specific maltreatment exposures, but not genetics, could be key risk factors for SU and IPV. If this is true, then interventions that target individuals’ behavior (i.e. SU and aggression) could be implemented. Specifically, for sub-groups with combination of maltreatment exposure that make youth most vulnerable for SU. Interventions that improve parenting practices and family functioning during childhood to reduce maltreatment exposure would be more likely to effectively reduce SU and IPV. Moreover, SU development could also be targeted to break the cycle of violence between childhood maltreatment and IPV. The genetic findings from this research contribute to the field of genetic epidemiology by proving greater insight into the biology of a complex public health problem (i.e. SU) and improve the efficacy of SU treatments.

项目摘要本研究的目的是了解从青春期到物质使用（SU）的发展成年期，作为儿童虐待和成年亲密伴侣暴力循环的中介因素（IPV；我们还考虑了基因与环境相互作用的可能性。通过为 SU 共发生之间的相互作用创建多基因风险评分（PRS）来确定发育途径。儿童时期的虐待暴露和 SU 的遗传风险尚未得到充分评估，以了解 SU 的发展情况此外，SU问题和童年虐待史都与青少年期至成年期有关。成年期间实施暴力并成为暴力的受害者，尤其是亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV)。因此，SU 的发展轨迹很可能是多个同时发生的童年之间的中介。然而，这种关联也有可能与虐待暴露和 IPV 实施或受害有关。受到 SU 病理遗传倾向的影响（例如，调节）。本研究具有几个实际意义。这项工作的一个关键实际意义可能包括。根据虐待情况有效识别 SU 和 IPV 风险较高和较低的个体例如，特定虐待的某些组合可能是存在的。暴露，而非遗传，可能是 SU 和 IPV 的关键风险因素。如果这是真的，那么干预措施具体而言，可以针对具有以下特征的子群体实施目标个体的行为（即 SU 和攻击性）。虐待暴露的组合使青少年最容易受到SU的影响。儿童时期的养育方式和家庭功能对于减少虐待暴露的影响会更大可能有效减少SU和IPV 此外，SU的发展也可以有针对性地打破循环。儿童虐待和 IPV 之间的暴力这项研究的遗传学发现有助于解决儿童虐待和 IPV 之间的暴力问题。通过对复杂的公共卫生问题（即， SU) 并提高 SU 治疗的疗效。