The role of substance use trajectory on the association between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence: a gene-environment study

物质使用轨迹对儿童虐待与亲密伴侣暴力之间关系的作用：基因环境研究

基本信息

批准号：
9978031
负责人：
Aura Ankita Mishra
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-15 至 2020-07-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Abstract The objective of this research is to understand the development of substance use (SU) from adolescence to adulthood, as a mediator of the cycle of childhood maltreatment and adult intimate partner violence (IPV; perpetrating and being a victim). We also consider the potential for gene-environment interactions on this developmental pathway by creating polygenic risk scores (PRS) for SU. The interaction between co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and genetic risk for SU are not fully evaluated for SU development from adolescence to adulthood. Further, SU problems and history of childhood maltreatment are both linked to perpetrating and becoming victims of violence, particularly intimate partner violence (IPV) during adulthood. Thus, it is likely that the developmental trajectory of SU is a mediator between multiple co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and IPV perpetration or victimization. However, it is also possible that this association is influenced (e.g., moderated) by genetic predispositions for SU pathology. The present study has several practical implications. A key practical implication of this work could include efficient identification of individuals at higher and lower risk of SU and IPV based on their maltreatment exposure and genetic risk. For example, it is possible that certain combinations of specific maltreatment exposures, but not genetics, could be key risk factors for SU and IPV. If this is true, then interventions that target individuals’ behavior (i.e. SU and aggression) could be implemented. Specifically, for sub-groups with combination of maltreatment exposure that make youth most vulnerable for SU. Interventions that improve parenting practices and family functioning during childhood to reduce maltreatment exposure would be more likely to effectively reduce SU and IPV. Moreover, SU development could also be targeted to break the cycle of violence between childhood maltreatment and IPV. The genetic findings from this research contribute to the field of genetic epidemiology by proving greater insight into the biology of a complex public health problem (i.e. SU) and improve the efficacy of SU treatments.

项目摘要这项研究的目的是了解从青少年到成年，作为儿童虐待和成人亲密伴侣暴力周期的调解人（IPV；进行受害者）。我们还考虑了基因环境相互作用的潜力通过为SU创建多基因风险评分（PR）来发育途径。同时存在的相互作用儿童虐待暴露和SU的遗传风险未完全评估SU的发展青少年到成年。此外，SU问题和儿童虐待的历史都与在成年期间，造成暴力的受害者，尤其是亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）。这是SU的发育轨迹很可能是多个同时发生的童年之间的中介虐待暴露和IPV实施或胜利。但是，这个协会也可能受SU病理学的遗传易感性影响（例如，调节）。本研究具有几种实际含义。这项工作的关键实际含义可能包括根据虐待的较高和较低的SU风险对个体的有效识别暴露和遗传风险。例如，特定虐待的某些组合可能暴露（但不是遗传学）可能是SU和IPV的关键风险因素。如果这是真的，那么干预措施可以实施目标个人的行为（即SU和侵略性）。具体而言，对于带有的子组虐待暴露的结合，使青年最容易受到SU的影响。改善的干预措施童年时期的育儿习惯和家庭功能减少虐待会更多可能有效地减少SU和IPV。此外，SU开发也可以针对打破的周期儿童虐待与IPV之间的暴力。这项研究的遗传发现有助于遗传流行病学领域通过对复杂公共卫生问题的生物学有更深入的了解（即 SU）并提高SU治疗的效率。