Measuring gene-environment transactions to identify sensitive periods for infant social behavior & brain growth

测量基因-环境变化以确定婴儿社会行为的敏感期

基本信息

批准号：
9924648
负责人：
Warren Jones
金额：
$ 76.18万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-02 至 2024-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9924648
关键词：
Accounting Adolescence Affect Age Atlases Behavioral Behavioral Genetics Biological Birth Brain Child Child Development Competence Data Development Developmental Course Dizygotic Twins Ecosystem Enrollment Environment Future Genes Genetic Genetic Variation Genetic study Growth Human Individual Infant Intervention Laboratories Lead Learning Life Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Modeling Monozygotic twins Nature Neurodevelopmental Disability Pathway interactions Pattern Personality Phenotype Process Research Shapes Social Behavior Social Development Standardization Structure Syndrome Testing Therapeutic Time Transact Twin Multiple Birth Variant Visual Walking autism spectrum disorder autistic children behavior change clinically significant cognitive ability cohort disability early childhood experience improved infancy insight model development neuroimaging preempt prevent prospective psychologic social social learning spatiotemporal standardize measure visual tracking

Accounting Adolescence Affect Age Atlases Behavioral Behavioral Genetics Biological Birth Brain Child Child Development Competence Data Development Developmental Course Dizygotic Twins Ecosystem Enrollment Environment Future Genes Genetic Genetic Variation Genetic study Growth Human Individual Infant Intervention Laboratories Lead Learning Life Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Modeling Monozygotic twins Nature Neurodevelopmental Disability Pathway interactions Pattern Personality Phenotype Process Research Shapes Social Behavior Social Development Standardization Structure Syndrome Testing Therapeutic Time Transact Twin Multiple Birth Variant Visual Walking autism spectrum disorder autistic children behavior change clinically significant cognitive ability cohort disability early childhood experience improved infancy insight model development neuroimaging preempt prevent prospective psychologic social social learning spatiotemporal standardize measure visual tracking

展开

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This project builds on recent research in our laboratory that showed for the first time that genes directly shape the way a child sees the world: what a child spends time looking at—as well as how, when, and where she looks—are all strongly influenced by genetic variation (Constantino et al, Nature, 2017). Identical twins, who share the same genetic variation, effectively synchronize their looking to social content. Moreover, these same measures of social looking are markedly and differentially decreased in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (Χ2= 64.03, P < 0.0001). In the current project, we will measure genetic and environmental influence on social visual engagement and brain growth from birth through toddlerhood, quantifying effects of gene- environment transactions over time. We will use eye-tracking to measure how infants look at the social world and MRI to measure changing brain connectivity under conditions of controlled genetic variation: identical & fraternal twins followed from the first week after birth. We will enroll 240 twins (120 pairs), collecting eye- tracking data at 10 time points, neuroimaging data at 5 time points, and standardized assessments of social- communicative competency at 3 time points. This application will test the hypothesis that gene-by- environment-by-age transactions in the first years of life serve as a powerful developmental canalizing mechanism, a mechanism capable of providing the necessary shared medium for typical social development, and yet equally capable of channeling diverse initial liabilities off-course, into atypical social development resulting in the syndromic social disability called autism spectrum disorder. By quantifying the developmental timing of gene-environment transactions, together with their impact on phenotypic presentation of social behavior and brain growth, this project will provide insights into modifiable behavioral pathways that offer the greatest therapeutic potential to prevent or preempt the emergence of deleterious consequences of atypical development as found in ASD and other neurodevelopmental disabilities.

项目摘要/摘要该项目以我们实验室的最新研究为基础，该研究首次表明基因直接塑造了基因孩子看到世界的方式：孩子花时间看着什么 - 以及她的方式，何时和位置外观 - 都受到遗传变异的强烈影响（Constantino等，Nature，2017）。同卵双胞胎，谁共享相同的遗传变异，有效地将其视野与社会内容同步。而且，这些自闭症谱系障碍儿童的社会外观措施明显不同，并且有所不同（ASD）（χ2= 64.03，p <0.0001）。在当前项目中，我们将衡量遗传和环境对社会视觉参与和大脑的成长从出生到幼儿，量化基因的影响环境交易随着时间的流逝。我们将使用眼神跟踪来衡量婴儿如何看待社会世界和MRI以在受控遗传变异的条件下测量大脑连通性的变化：相同＆兄弟双胞胎从出生后的第一周开始。我们将注册240个双胞胎（120对），收集眼睛 - 在10个时间点跟踪数据，在5个时间点进行神经影像学，以及对社会的标准化评估 3个时间点的沟通能力。该应用将检验以下假设。生命的最初几年中的环境交易是一种强大的发展渠道机制，一种能够为典型社会发展提供必要的共享媒介的机制，但同样能够将潜水员的初始责任转移到非典型社会发展中导致综合症社会残疾称为自闭症谱系障碍。通过量化发展基因环境交易的时机，以及它们对社会表型表现的影响行为和大脑的增长，该项目将提供有关可修改的行为途径的见解防止或抢占非典型后果的最大治疗潜力在ASD和其他神经发育障碍中发现的发展。