Mechanistic Transitions that Shape Typical and Atypical Social Visual Engagement

塑造典型和非典型社交视觉参与的机制转变

• 批准号: 10227970
• 负责人: Warren Jones
• 金额: $ 33.14万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-04 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10227970
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age-Months; Attention; Behavior; Biological; Biological Models; Birth; Brain; Child; Communication; Coupled; Data; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Diagnosis; Enrollment; Etiology; Exhibits; Eye; Face; Future; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Goals; Heritability; Human; Impairment; Infant; Infant Development; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Macaca mulatta; Measures; Neonatal; Oral cavity; Outcome; Pattern; Phase; Phenotype; Phylogenetic Analysis; Postpartum Period; Recording of previous events; Reflex action; Reflex eye movement; Research; Risk; Series; Shapes; Siblings; Smiling; Social Behavior; Social Development; Social Interaction; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Time; Toddler; Twin Multiple Birth; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Visual; Volition; Walking; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; brain behavior; cohort; disability; dyadic interaction; gaze; high risk; infancy; prospective; response; social; social engagement

PROJECT SUMMARY The present application builds on recent research in our laboratory showing that social visual engagement—the way in which infants visually explore, engage, and ultimately learn from and adapt to their surrounding world— is (1) tightly coupled to genetic variation, with concordance in identical toddler twins equal to 0.91; (2) highly phylogenetically conserved, with infant rhesus monkeys exhibiting patterns of early eye-looking that are strikingly homologous to human infants; and (3) pathognomonically impaired in infants later diagnosed with ASD, with differences observed from at least month 2 onwards in initial and replication cohorts. The present application will build on these findings to study pivotal transitions in early infancy that set the stage for future attainment of social- communicative milestones. We will investigate early infant transitions from reflex-like to volitional social adaptive action in the first 2 months post-partum (Aim 1); the emergence of reciprocal and contingent infant social interaction (Aim 2); and the cascading consequences of very early infant social engagement—or the disruption thereof in ASD—on later, long-term social-communicative outcomes (Aim 3). Finally, we will connect these measures to concomitant changes in developing structural and functional brain networks (in Projects III and V), to the emergence of spoken communication (in Project II), and to response to early social interaction therapy (in Project IV). A cohort of 250 infants will be enrolled, consisting of infant siblings of children with autism who are at High Risk for developing ASD (HR-ASD, N=150) as well as infant siblings at Low Risk of developmental delays, with Typical Development expected by virtue of having no familial history of ASD (LR-TDx, N=100). Data will be collected longitudinally and prospectively, beginning in the first week after birth. This project directly addresses several of the aspirational goals for autism set forth by the NIH Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee, with emphasis on understanding the unfolding developmental trajectories, underlying mechanisms, and biological signatures of ASD.

项目摘要 本申请基于我们的实验室的最新研究，表明社会参与 - 婴儿视觉探索，参与并最终学习并适应周围世界的方式 - IS（1）与遗传变异紧密耦合，在相同的幼儿双胞胎中等于0.91； 系统发育保守，婴儿恒河猴表现出早期眼睛的模式，这些模式令人惊讶 与人类婴儿同源 在初始和复制队列中，至少从一个月开始观察到的差异。 基于研究早期期间关键转变的发现，这为未来的社会奠定了基础 交流里程碑。 在最初的两个月之后的作用（AIM 1）； 互动（AIM 2）； 在ASD中，它是长期的社会交流结果（AIM 3）。 在开发结构和功能性脑网络（项目III和V中）中伴随变化的措施， 出现口头交流（项目II），并应对早期社会互动疗法（in） IV项目）。 患ASD的高风险（HR-ASD，n = 150）以及有发育延迟风险的婴儿兄弟姐妹 由于没有ASD的家族历史，典型的发展（LR-TDX，n = 100） 从出生后的第一周开始纵向和前瞻性地收集。 自闭症的几个理想目标设定了NIH机构间自闭症协调委员会， 强调理解不断发展的发展轨迹，潜在机制以及 ASD的生物学特征。