Temporal processing and speech understanding in older cochlear implantees

老年人工耳蜗植入者的时间处理和言语理解

• 批准号: 9915828
• 负责人: Matthew J. Goupell
• 金额: $ 30.72万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9915828
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Algorithms; Area; Auditory; Biological; Biological Aging; Biological Factors; Bionics; Brain; Bypass; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Cueing for speech; Data; Dementia; Devices; Elderly; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology (science); Goals; Grant; Hand; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Longevity; Measurement; Mission; Modeling; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Noise; Outcome; Performance; Peripheral; Population; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Sensory; Son; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; age effect; age related; auditory processing; base; cognitive change; deaf; deafness; disability; effective intervention; hearing impairment; hearing restoration; implantation; improved; innovation; new technology; normal hearing; relating to nervous system; response; sensory prosthesis; speech processing; spiral ganglion; tool

ABSTRACT: A cochlear-implant (CI) restores high levels of speech understanding to individuals across the lifespan. However, a gap in knowledge exists because we do not understand how aging affects hearing in CI users. Aging is associated with changes at multiple levels of the brain, thereby making it difficult to determine if the poorer auditory performance that occurs with advancing age is a result of changes in the auditory periph- ery, central auditory neural structures, cognition, or a combination of the three mechanisms. Since a CI by- passes the cochlea, we propose an innovative approach for investigating aging and hearing by using a human CI model. Using age (younger vs older adults) and group (CI vs normal hearing, NH) comparisons will allow us to determine the age-related contributions of cochlear and central factors to hearing. The long-term goals of this project are to (1) determine how to maximally remediate age-related auditory and cognitive processing def- icits with a CI and (2) better understand the biological effects of auditory aging. The objective of this grant is to establish age as an observable and significant factor for auditory temporal processing in CI users. Our central hypothesis is that advancing age significantly degrades central temporal processing and speech understanding abilities in CI users, which is independent of the age-related peripheral hearing loss that occurs in acoustically- hearing subjects. The rationale for the proposed research is that there is a rapidly increasing number of older adults that elect to receive a CI, but there is essentially no research on this specific population that fully utilizes the available array of research tools to study hearing in this population; our field arguably has minimal direct evidence and understanding of age-related changes to auditory processing of electrical stimulation. With strong preliminary data in hand, the central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: (1) De- termine the extent to which temporal processing abilities decrease with age using highly-controlled and simple (non-speech) stimuli in CI subjects; (2) Determine the extent to which age-related temporal processing factors affect speech understanding in CI subjects; and (3) Determine the extent to which aging affects cortical tem- poral encoding of speech in CI subjects. This approach is innovative because: (1) the topic of aging in older CI users is an under-studied area and (2) by using a CI model, we will better understand the biological factors un- derlying how aging affects hearing. Our outcomes will provide a significant positive impact on hearing and un- derstanding speech with a CI, which will increase CI users' quality of life.

摘要：人工耳蜗（CI）恢复了对整个个人的个人的高度语音理解 寿命。但是，存在知识差距，因为我们不了解衰老如何影响CI中的听力 用户。衰老与大脑多个层次的变化有关，从而使难以确定是否存在 随着年龄的增长而发生的较差的听觉表现是听觉上的变化的结果 Ery，中央听觉神经结构，认知或三种机制的组合。因为CI by- 通过耳蜗，我们提出了一种创新的方法来调查通过人类的衰老和听力 CI模型。使用年龄（年轻与老年人）和组（CI与正常听力，NH）的比较将使我们 确定人工耳蜗和听力中心因素的年龄相关贡献。长期目标 该项目是（1）确定如何最大程度地补充与年龄相关的听觉和认知处理。 具有CI的ICIT和（2）更好地了解听觉衰老的生物学效应。这笔赠款的目的是 将年龄确定为CI用户听觉时间处理的可观察到重要因素。我们的中心 假设是，促进年龄会大大降低中央时间处理和言语理解 CI使用者的能力，与年龄相关的外围听力损失无关 听力主题。拟议的研究的理由是，较旧的人数迅速增加 选择接受CI的成年人，但基本上没有对该特定人群完全使用的研究 可用的研究工具来研究该人群的听力；我们的领域可以说是最少的直接 证据和对年龄相关的对电刺激的听觉处理的变化的理解。和 手头有强大的初步数据，将通过追求三个特定目标来检验中心假设：（1）DE- 终止使用高度控制和简单的时间处理能力随着年龄的增长程度 （非语音）CI受试者的刺激； （2）确定与年龄相关的时间处理因素的程度 影响CI主题中的语音理解； （3）确定衰老影响皮质温度的程度 CI主题中语音的孔子编码。这种方法具有创新性，因为：（1）老年CI的老化话题 用户是一个研究不足的领域，（2）使用CI模型，我们将更好地了解生物学因素 贬低衰老如何影响听力。我们的成果将对听力和不可能产生重大的积极影响 用CI阐述语音，这将提高CI使用者的生活质量。