Temporal processing and speech understanding in older cochlear implantees

老年人工耳蜗植入者的时间处理和言语理解

• 批准号: 9915828
• 负责人: Matthew J. Goupell
• 金额: $ 30.72万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9915828
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Algorithms; Area; Auditory; Biological; Biological Aging; Biological Factors; Bionics; Brain; Bypass; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Cueing for speech; Data; Dementia; Devices; Elderly; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology (science); Goals; Grant; Hand; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Longevity; Measurement; Mission; Modeling; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Noise; Outcome; Performance; Peripheral; Population; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Sensory; Son; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; age effect; age related; auditory processing; base; cognitive change; deaf; deafness; disability; effective intervention; hearing impairment; hearing restoration; implantation; improved; innovation; new technology; normal hearing; relating to nervous system; response; sensory prosthesis; speech processing; spiral ganglion; tool

ABSTRACT: A cochlear-implant (CI) restores high levels of speech understanding to individuals across the lifespan. However, a gap in knowledge exists because we do not understand how aging affects hearing in CI users. Aging is associated with changes at multiple levels of the brain, thereby making it difficult to determine if the poorer auditory performance that occurs with advancing age is a result of changes in the auditory periph- ery, central auditory neural structures, cognition, or a combination of the three mechanisms. Since a CI by- passes the cochlea, we propose an innovative approach for investigating aging and hearing by using a human CI model. Using age (younger vs older adults) and group (CI vs normal hearing, NH) comparisons will allow us to determine the age-related contributions of cochlear and central factors to hearing. The long-term goals of this project are to (1) determine how to maximally remediate age-related auditory and cognitive processing def- icits with a CI and (2) better understand the biological effects of auditory aging. The objective of this grant is to establish age as an observable and significant factor for auditory temporal processing in CI users. Our central hypothesis is that advancing age significantly degrades central temporal processing and speech understanding abilities in CI users, which is independent of the age-related peripheral hearing loss that occurs in acoustically- hearing subjects. The rationale for the proposed research is that there is a rapidly increasing number of older adults that elect to receive a CI, but there is essentially no research on this specific population that fully utilizes the available array of research tools to study hearing in this population; our field arguably has minimal direct evidence and understanding of age-related changes to auditory processing of electrical stimulation. With strong preliminary data in hand, the central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: (1) De- termine the extent to which temporal processing abilities decrease with age using highly-controlled and simple (non-speech) stimuli in CI subjects; (2) Determine the extent to which age-related temporal processing factors affect speech understanding in CI subjects; and (3) Determine the extent to which aging affects cortical tem- poral encoding of speech in CI subjects. This approach is innovative because: (1) the topic of aging in older CI users is an under-studied area and (2) by using a CI model, we will better understand the biological factors un- derlying how aging affects hearing. Our outcomes will provide a significant positive impact on hearing and un- derstanding speech with a CI, which will increase CI users' quality of life.

摘要：人工耳蜗 (CI) 可以帮助世界各地的个人恢复高水平的言语理解能力。 寿命。然而，由于我们不了解衰老如何影响 CI 中的听力，因此存在知识差距 用户。衰老与大脑多个层面的变化有关，因此很难确定是否 随着年龄的增长，听觉功能会变差，这是听觉周边变化的结果。 中枢听觉神经结构、认知或这三种机制的组合。由于CI由- 通过耳蜗，我们提出了一种利用人类研究衰老和听力的创新方法 CI 模型。使用年龄（年轻人与老年人）和群体（CI 与正常听力，NH）比较将使我们能够 确定耳蜗和听力中心因素与年龄相关的贡献。的长期目标 该项目的目的是（1）确定如何最大限度地修复与年龄相关的听觉和认知处理缺陷 具有 CI 的 icits 以及 (2) 更好地了解听觉老化的生物效应。这笔赠款的目的是 将年龄确定为 CI 用户听觉时间处理的可观察且重要的因素。我们的中央 假设年龄的增长会显着降低中枢时间处理和言语理解能力 CI 用户的能力，这与声学中发生的与年龄相关的周围性听力损失无关 听力科目。拟议研究的基本原理是，老年人数量迅速增加 选择接受 CI 的成年人，但基本上没有针对这一特定人群的研究充分利用 研究该人群听力的可用研究工具；我们的领域可以说具有最小的直接 电刺激听觉处理与年龄相关的变化的证据和理解。和 掌握了强有力的初步数据后，将通过追求三个具体目标来检验中心假设：（1） 使用高度控制和简单的方法确定时间处理能力随年龄下降的程度 CI 受试者的（非言语）刺激； (2) 确定与年龄相关的时间处理因素的程度 影响 CI 科目的言语理解； (3) 确定衰老影响皮质温度的程度 CI 受试者言语的口头编码。这种方法具有创新性，因为：（1）老年 CI 中的老龄化主题 用户是一个尚未充分研究的领域，并且 (2) 通过使用 CI 模型，我们将更好地了解非生物因素 了解衰老如何影响听力。我们的成果将对听力和非健康产生显着的积极影响 通过 CI 理解语音，这将提高 CI 用户的生活质量。