Understanding Individual Differences in Acoustic-Phonetic and Contextual Cue Use In Aging

了解衰老过程中声学语音和上下文提示使用的个体差异

• 批准号: 10750603
• 负责人: Anne Marie Crinnion
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-23 至 2025-08-22
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10750603
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Aging; Audiology; Awareness; Behavioral; Brain; Caring; Categories; Cognitive; Compensation; Comprehension; Cues; Data; Elderly; Electroencephalography; Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Tests; Individual; Individual Differences; Lead; Length; Link; Maps; Measures; Methods; Neurobiology; Noise; Outcome Measure; Panthera leo; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Peripheral; Persons; Phonetics; Presbycusis; Process; Quality of life; Reporting; Research; Running; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Testing; Training; Variant; Word Processing; Work; aged; aural rehabilitation; behavior measurement; cognitive ability; design; effective therapy; experience; experimental study; hearing impairment; improved; insight; lens; neural; neuroimaging; predictive modeling; predictive signature; preference; repaired; resilience; response; speech in noise; standard measure; theories; treatment planning; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) affects a large number of older adults (~50% of adults aged 75+), yet not all individuals are equally impacted. Understanding why some older adults struggle more with ARHL is an important first step in designing more effective treatment plans. This proposal explores the hypothesis that individual differences in the use of contextual vs. acoustic-phonetic cues explains variation in speech comprehension abilities beyond just hearing ability. Natural listening environments contain a variety of cues that listeners can rely on to aid in speech comprehension. Despite the availability of many cues, recent work with healthy younger adults and older adults (including pilot work for this proposal) has demonstrated that some individuals tend to rely more on higher-level contextual information and others rely more on lower-level acoustic-phonetic information to interpret ambiguities in speech. The goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that these individual patterns of cue use will explain differences in speech comprehension (Aim 1) and to examine at what point in processing these individual differences arise using neural data collected from electroencephalography (EEG; Aim 2). One two-session experiment will be run testing younger and older adults on an audiometry battery, a cognitive battery, a cue use task in which they listen to sentences that contain ambiguous words, and a passive storybook listening task. EEG will be recorded during the cue use task and the storybook listening. While controlling for hearing and cognitive abilities, the contribution of an individual’s cue use will be tested in a model predicting speech comprehension (Aim 1). Neural data will then be analyzed to test three potential mechanisms that could lead to behavioral differences in cue use: (1) differences in early perceptual encoding of ambiguities in speech, (2) differences in later repair processes, and (3) differences in overall predictive mechanisms. A combination of event-related potential (ERP) and temporal response function (TRF) analyses will be performed to identify the locus of individual differences. Overall, this proposal provides important insight into different profiles of ARHL, and insights from neural data will highlight where in processing differences arise, potentially serving as a basis for designing effective treatments. Additionally, studying patterns of cue use may potentially reveal individuals whose ARHL may initially go undetected (those who tend to rely more on contextual cues). This proposal will prepare the applicant to lead an independent line of work examining the neurobiology of speech comprehension from an individual differences lens. Specifically, this proposal will give the applicant opportunities to engage with clinicians, expand individual differences work in cue use into older adults, and gain expertise in multiple computationally intensive analysis methods of EEG data.

项目摘要/摘要 与年龄相关的听力损失（ARHL）会影响大量的老年人（占75岁以上的成年人的50％），但并非全部 个人受到同等影响。了解为什么一些老年人与ARHL挣扎是一个 设计更有效的治疗计划的重要第一步。该提案探讨了以下假设 语境使用与声学线索的使用中的个体差异解释了语音的变化 理解能力不仅仅是听力能力。自然听力环境包含各种提示 听众可以依靠来帮助语音理解。尽管有许多提示，但最近的工作 有健康的年轻人和老年人（包括该提案的试验工作）证明 有些人倾向于更多地依赖更高级别的上下文信息，而另一些人则更多地依赖于低级 声学信息以解释语音中的歧义。该项目的目的是测试 假设这些提示使用的各个模式将解释语音理解的差异（AIM 1） 并检查处理这些个体差异在什么时候使用从 脑电图（EEG； AIM 2）。一个两节实验将进行年轻及以上的测试 成人在听力计电池上，认知电池，提示使用任务，在其中听取句子的句子 包含模棱两可的单词和一个被动的故事书聆听任务。脑电图将在提示期间记录 任务和故事书听。在控制听力和认知能力的同时， 个人的提示使用将在预测语音理解的模型中进行测试（AIM 1）。然后神经数据将 进行分析以测试可能导致提示行为差异的三种潜在机制：（1） 语音歧义性歧义的早期感知编码的差异，（2）以后修复过程的差异以及 （3）总体预测机制的差异。事件相关电位（ERP）和临时性的组合 将执行响应函数（TRF）分析以识别个体差异的轨迹。总体而言，这 提案为ARHL的不同概况提供了重要的见解，来自神经数据的见解将突出显示 在处理差异的地方出现，有可能作为设计有效治疗的基础。 此外，研究提示的使用模式可能会揭示其ARHL最初可能会发生的个人 未被发现（那些倾向于更多地依赖上下文提示的人）。该建议将使申请人为领导 一个独立的工作，研究了一个人的语音理解神经生物学 差异镜头。具体而言，该建议将使申请人与临床医生互动的机会， 扩展个体差异在提示使用中起作用到老年人中，并在多个计算上获得专业知识 脑电图数据的密集分析方法。