Brain stimulation for cognitive enhancement based on modulation of cortical traveling waves

基于皮质行波调制的脑刺激用于认知增强

• 批准号: 9767284
• 负责人: Joshua Jacobs
• 金额: $ 20.25万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-20 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9767284
• 关键词: Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Characteristics; Cognition; Computer Simulation; Coupled; Custom; Data; Electric Stimulation; Electrical Stimulation of the Brain; Epilepsy; Episodic memory; Failure; Frequencies; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Human Characteristics; Implanted Electrodes; Individual; Learning; Light; Location; Measures; Memory; Memory Disorders; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Movement; Neocortex; Neurons; Operative Surgical Procedures; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Physiological; Property; Protocols documentation; Research Personnel; Rest; Route; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Site; Task Performances; Testing; Travel; Variant; Work; base; cognitive enhancement; improved; individual patient; nervous system disorder; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; predictive modeling; relating to nervous system; spatial memory; success

Summary The goal of this project is to use electrical brain stimulation to enhance cognition by modulating traveling waves. Traveling waves are patterns of brain oscillations that propagate across the neocortex and hippocampus. They are a viable target for neuromodulation because they are important both behaviorally and physiologically, as they correlate with behavior and reveal the movement of neuronal activity across the brain. Based on our preliminary finding that direct electrical stimulation can enhance traveling waves, we will develop refined stimulation protocols for improving memory by enhancing the patterns of traveling waves that we observe in individual patients. We will conduct this work with direct invasive brain recording and stimulation in epilepsy patients. In our approach, we identify traveling waves in each patient individually and model them computationally using a network of weakly coupled Kuramoto oscillators. This model predicts the frequency and location where electrical brain stimulation should be applied to enhance each patient's endogenous waves. We then test the hypothesis that augmenting each patient's traveling waves enhances memory. In Aim 1, neurosurgical patients perform a memory task and we model the traveling waves that we observe. Then, during a rest period we apply direct electrical stimulation with multiple stimulation parameters and compare the resultant traveling waves with our model predictions. In Aim 2, we test whether the stimulation parameters that improve traveling waves also enhance memory. Here patients perform working and spatial memory tasks while we apply customized stimulation based on a computational model of their traveling waves. We will test our hypothesis that stimulation improves memory compared to sham trials and, moreover, whether the properties of stimulation-induced traveling waves correlate with memory performance at the single-trial level. By testing the ability of brain stimulation to modulate behavior via traveling waves, this project will provide causal evidence that traveling waves are important for behavior and develop a methodology for memory enhancement via customized brain stimulation.

概括 该项目的目的是使用电脑刺激来通过调节行进波来增强认知。 行进波是脑振荡的模式，在新皮层和海马旁传播。他们是 神经调节的可行目标，因为它们在行为和身体上都很重要， 与行为相关并揭示神经元活动在大脑中的运动。基于我们的初步 发现直接电刺激可以增强行进波，我们将制定重制刺激方案 通过增强我们在个别患者中观察到的行进波的模式来改善记忆。我们 将通过直接浸润性脑记录和癫痫患者的刺激进行这项工作。在我们的方法中 我们单独识别每个患者的行进波，并使用 弱耦合的库拉莫托振荡器。该模型预测电气大脑的频率和位置 应应用刺激以增强每个患者的内源性波。然后，我们检验了一个假设 增加每个患者的行进波会增强记忆力。 在AIM 1中，神经外科患者执行记忆任务，我们对观察到的行进波进行建模。 然后，在休息期间，我们使用多个模拟参数进行直接电气模拟并进行比较 通过我们的模型预测，由此产生的行进波。在AIM 2中，我们测试刺激参数是否 改善行进波还可以增强记忆力。在这里，患者执行工作和空间记忆任务 尽管我们基于其行进波的计算模型应用自定义刺激。我们将测试我们的 与假试验相比，刺激改善记忆的假设以及是否的性质是否 刺激诱导的行进波与单审级的记忆性能相关。通过测试 大脑刺激通过行进波调节行为的能力，该项目将提供因果证据表明 行驶波对行为很重要，并通过自定义开发一种方法来增强内存的方法 大脑刺激。