The Role of Place and Grid Cells in Human Spatial Navigation and Memory

位置和网格细胞在人类空间导航和记忆中的作用

• 批准号: 9128066
• 负责人: Joshua Jacobs
• 金额: $ 46.57万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-17 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9128066
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Animal Model; Animals; Appearance; Behavior; Brain; Cells; Code; Cognition; Collaborations; Complex; Computers; Data; Data Set; Databases; Environment; Epilepsy; Floor; Goals; Handedness; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Image; Implanted Electrodes; Individual; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Left; Lesion; Life; Location; Maps; Medial; Memory; Modeling; Nature; Neurons; Neurosciences; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Phase; Physiology; Play; Probability; Process; Property; Reporting; Research; Rodent; Role; Scheme; Site; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Theta Rhythm; Travel; Uncertainty; Work; base; data sharing; entorhinal cortex; forgetting; improved; insight; memory process; neurotransmission; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; spatial memory; success; support network; theories; virtual; way finding

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Spatial navigation and learning is a critical part of life for humans and animals. Our experiments examine how spatial knowledge is represented by individual cells in the human medial temporal lobe. We test the hypothesis that human navigation is supported by networks of place and grid cells, each of which help encode a person's location in a spatial environment by activating at individual locations and groups of locations, respectively. We probe the functional roles of grid and place cells in human spatial navigation and memory by directly recording the activity of these cells from epilepsy patients performing a computer virtual-navigation task. Specific Aims one and four of our work test whether theories of grid and place cells from animal models are relevant for humans. First, we probe the properties of these cells, and their interactions with neuronal oscillations, by conducting a new experiment that is optimized to reveal the human neural representation of space. We will test whether human place and grid cells are most prominent to the right hemisphere, consistent with the classic finding that human spatial processing is right lateralized. Our second and third Specific Aims probe grid and place cells in more complex navigation tasks. Here we test for new neural coding patterns beyond those found in animals. We will test whether place and grid cells are involved in transferring spatial knowledge between related environments and in representing spatial information in outside of active navigation. Our research studies are likely to yield insights into the neural signals that allow humans to navigate and they also have implications for revealing a broader understanding of human memory.

 描述（由应用程序提供）：空间导航和学习是人类和动物生活的关键部分。我们的实验研究了人类媒体临时叶中单个细胞如何代表空间知识。我们检验了以下假设：人类导航得到了位置和网格电池网络的支持，每个网络通过在各个位置和位置组中激活一个人的位置来编码一个人在空间环境中的位置，我们探究了网格的功能，并将细胞在人类空间导航和记忆中直接记录这些细胞的活性，从而通过直接记录这些细胞的活性来执行eilepsy患者，从而执行了一项计算机的virtual-navigation virtial-navigation virtial-navigation wigital navigation toctial toctial wignal navigation wigital navigation任务。具体目的是我们的一个和四个工作测试，是否与动物模型的网格理论和位置细胞与人类有关。首先，我们通过进行一项新的实验来探测这些细胞的特性及其与神经振荡的相互作用，该实验被优化以揭示空间的人类神经表示。我们将测试人类的位置和网格细胞在右半球上是否最突出，这与人类空间处理是正确横向化的经典发现一致。 我们的第二个和第三个特定的目标是探针网格，并将细胞置于更复杂的导航任务中。在这里，我们测试了超出动物中发现的新神经编码模式。我们将测试位置和网格单元是否参与在相关环境之间传输空间知识并在主动导航外表示空间信息。我们的研究可能会产生对允许人类导航的神经信号的见解 他们也对揭示对人类记忆的广泛理解有影响。