Marijuana Legalization: Assessing the Impact of Local Regulatory Policies

大麻合法化：评估当地监管政策的影响

• 批准号: 9561961
• 负责人: Julia Ann Dilley
• 金额: $ 6.77万
• 依托单位: MULTNOMAH COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-11-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9561961
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Agreement; Alaska; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavioral; Characteristics; Cities; Colorado; Communities; Consumption; Country; County; Crime; Data; Data Reporting; Dependence; Drug Addiction; Economics; Effectiveness; Emergency department visit; Environment; Funding; Future; Government Agencies; Health; Hospitalization; Injury; Interruption; Laws; Learning; Legal; Marijuana; Medical; Medical Marijuana; Monitor; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Netherlands; Opiate Addiction; Oregon; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Population Surveillance; Price; Production; Property; Public Health; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Safety; Sales; Seeds; Series; Social Impacts; Structure; System; Taxes; Time; Transact; Variant; Washington; Weight; Youth; addiction; base; consumer behavior; density; design; evidence base; impaired driving performance; insight; interest; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; public health relevance; response; social

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Washington and Oregon are among only four states to have recently legalized recreational marijuana, a legal change unprecedented in the U.S. and worldwide. Debate exists about the potential positive and negative impacts of legalization, but there is agreement that certain potential negative consequences of legalization should be mitigated, including youth use, drug dependency, and impaired driving. In response to state legalization of recreational marijuana, some communities are initiating additional marijuana regulatory policies or taxes. Currently, there is no evidence base to predict the effectiveness of such local policy actions for moderating the potential negative consequences of marijuana legalization, or how these policies are related to other public health and social outcomes (e.g., injuries, crime, tax revenue). Furthermore, it is unclear how different state tax structures may influence properties of the recreational market (e.g., THC potency of products), which could in turn influence public health and social outcomes of legalization. The Aims of the proposed study are to: (1) Describe implementation of local (city or county) policies to regulate medical o recreational marijuana (e.g., zoning ordinances, taxes) and association with retailer density; (2) Assess activities of the recreational marijuana market (e.g., product, price and potency), and whether different state tax bases are associated with different product potency; and (3) Assess whether city or county-level marijuana policies (e.g., local zoning restrictions or taxes) mitigate key potential negative impacts of marijuana legalization (i.e., youth marijuana use, impaired driving, drug dependence, emergency department visits, hospitalizations), and whether they are associated with other public health and social outcomes (i.e., adult marijuana use, arrests, other substance use, educational outcomes, tax revenues). We will collect and review local marijuana policies across communities in both states, and use an interrupted time series design to assess the association between local policies and behavioral, public health and social outcomes. We will rely on multiple established public health surveillance and other data reporting mechanisms associated with behavioral surveillance, health, safety, treatment and crime systems, which are largely common across both states. Additionally, we will analyze transaction-level data from the new marijuana markets to describe community-level market and consumer behaviors as well as revenue. Findings from this study will provide policymakers and other stakeholders with understanding of how legalization is being implemented, and strong evidence about the effectiveness of local policy actions for mitigating negative impacts.

 描述（由适用提供）：华盛顿和俄勒冈州仅是四个最近将休闲大麻合法化的州之一，这是美国和全球范围内史无前例的法律变更。关于合法化的潜在积极和负面影响的辩论存在，但人们达成共识，应减轻合法化的某些潜在负面影响，包括青年使用，毒品依赖和驾驶受损。为了响应国家的娱乐大麻合法化，一些社区启动了其他大麻监管政策或税收。当前，尚无证据基础来预测此类地方政策行动的有效性，以缓解大麻合法化的潜在负面影响，或者这些政策与其他公共卫生和社会成果（例如伤害，犯罪，税收收入）如何相关。此外，目前尚不清楚不同的州税结构如何影响娱乐市场的财产（例如，产品的效力），这反过来又可能影响公共卫生和合法化的社会成果。拟议的研究的目的是：（1）描述实施本地（城市或县）政策，以规范医疗o休闲大麻（例如分区条例，税收）以及与零售商密度的关联； （2） 评估休闲大麻市场（例如产品，价格和效力）的活动，以及不同的州税基是否与不同的产品效力相关； （3）评估城市或县级大麻政策（例如，当地的分区限制或税收）减轻 大麻合法化的主要潜在负面影响（即青少年大麻使用，驾驶受损，毒品依赖，急诊就诊，住院治疗）以及它们是否与其他公共卫生和社会成果相关联（即成人大麻使用，逮捕，其他药物，其他药物使用，教育意义，教育目的，税收揭示）。我们将收集和审查两个州社区跨社区的当地大麻政策，并使用中断的时间序列设计来评估当地政策与行为，公共卫生和社会成果之间的关联。我们将依靠多次已建立的公共卫生监视以及与行为监视，健康，安全，治疗和犯罪系统相关的其他数据报告机制，这在两个州都在很大程度上很普遍。此外，我们将分析来自新大麻市场的交易级数据，以描述社区级市场和消费者行为以及收入。这项研究的发现将为决策者和其他利益相关者提供了解如何实施合法化，以及关于当地政策行动减轻负面影响的有效性的有力证据。