Dynamics of Cannabis Market Environment Changes and Public Health Effects after Legalization: The Role of Local-Level Regulation Beyond the Short-Term in the Pacific Northwest

大麻市场环境变化的动态和合法化后的公共健康影响：太平洋西北地区地方监管的短期作用

• 批准号: 10215449
• 负责人: Julia Ann Dilley
• 金额: $ 45.99万
• 依托单位: MULTNOMAH COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10215449
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Advocate; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attitude; Behavioral; Breast Feeding; Cannabis; Child Rearing; Cities; Communities; Consequentialism; County; Data; Data Reporting; Dependence; Drug abuse; Effectiveness; Environment; Exposure to; Frequencies; Funding; Grant; Health; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Knowledge; Learning; Legal; Licensing; Local Government; Marijuana; Marijuana Dependence; Modeling; Monitor; Mothers; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Opioid; Oregon; Outcome; Pacific Northwest; Pattern; Policies; Policy Research; Population Surveillance; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Preparation; Prevalence; Price; Public Health; Public Policy; Publishing; Quasi-experiment; Recommendation; Regulation; Research; Risk Assessment; Role; Sales; School-Age Population; Side; Social Health Services; Social outcome; System; Taxes; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Transact; Variant; Visit; Washington; Woman; Youth; behavior influence; behavioral outcome; density; evidence base; high school; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; population based; pregnant; response; substance use treatment; surveillance data

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Despite federal cannabis prohibition, an increasing number of states are implementing or considering cannabis legalization. Washington and Oregon were among the first states to legalize, in 2012 and 2014. Jurisdictions in the U.S. and abroad are looking to the early state adopters to identify best practices for state and local policy, and to learn about the impact of cannabis legalization beyond the short-term. In response to state legalization of recreational cannabis, many communities in Washington and Oregon have initiated additional regulatory policies or taxes. Currently, there is no evidence base to predict the effectiveness of such local policy actions for moderating public health or social outcomes that may follow cannabis legalization. The Aims of the proposed study are to: 1) Monitor and document local-level changes in cannabis policies, prices, and market activities (e.g., density, sales) in Oregon and Washington. 2) Assess how local variation in cannabis policies, prices, and market activities in Oregon and Washington affect cannabis use and related health outcomes beyond the short-term (5-10 years after legalization) among youth, pregnant and parenting women, and adults. 3) Estimate the short-term and longer-term effects of local-level cannabis policies, prices and market activities on the prevalence and frequency of alcohol and tobacco use among youth, pregnant women, new mothers, and all adults, as well as substance use treatment and hospitalizations related to alcohol and opioids in Oregon and Washington. We will address these aims using quasi-experimental methods and geospatial analyses that exploit within-state and across-time variation in cannabis policies, prices, and market activities. We will collect and review local marijuana policies in both states, retailer-level licensing and transaction data, and assess their association with relevant behavioral, public health and social outcomes. We will rely on multiple established public health surveillance and other data reporting systems, which are largely common across both states. Findings from this study will provide policymakers and other stakeholders with strong evidence about the effectiveness of local cannabis policies on public health outcomes.

项目摘要/摘要 尽管禁止联邦大麻，但越来越多的州正在实施 或考虑大麻合法化。华盛顿和俄勒冈州是最早的 合法化，2012年和2014年。美国和国外的司法管辖区正在寻找早期的州 采用者确定国家和地方政策的最佳实践，并了解 大麻合法化超出了短期。 为了回应国家娱乐大麻的合法化，许多社区 华盛顿和俄勒冈州发起了其他监管政策或税收。目前，有 没有证据基础来预测此类当地政策行动的有效性以调节公众 健康或社会成果可能会遵循大麻合法化。 拟议研究的目的是： 1）监视和记录大麻政策，价格和市场活动的本地级别变化 （例如，密度，销售）在俄勒冈州和华盛顿。 2）评估俄勒冈州大麻政策，价格和市场活动的当地差异如何 华盛顿影响短期以后的大麻使用及相关的健康成果（5-10年 合法化后），在青年，孕妇和育儿妇女以及成年人中。 3）估计地方水平的大麻政策，价格和长期影响 针对青年中酒精和烟草使用的频率和频率的市场活动， 孕妇，新妈妈和所有成年人，以及药物使用治疗和 与俄勒冈州和华盛顿的酒精和阿片类药物有关的住院治疗。 我们将使用准实验方法和地理空间分析来解决这些目标 这种利用大麻政策，价格和市场的国家内部和跨时间变化 活动。我们将在两个州收集和审查当地的大麻政策，零售商级别 许可和交易数据，并评估其与相关行为，公众的关联 健康和社会成果。我们将依靠多个已建立的公共卫生监视和 其他数据报告系统，这在两个州都很常见。 这项研究的结果将为决策者和其他利益相关者提供强大的 有关当地大麻政策对公共卫生结果的有效性的证据。