Complex sound analysis in normal and impaired ears

正常耳朵和受损耳朵的复杂声音分析

基本信息

批准号：
9328029
负责人：
John H Grose
金额：
$ 32.3万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1992-12-01 至 2020-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9328029
关键词：
Acoustic Nerve Acoustics Address Adult Advocate Affect Age Audiometry Auditory Auditory Brainstem Responses Auditory Perceptual Disorders Auditory system Brain Child Clinical Cochlear Hearing Loss Cognitive deficits Communication Complex Control Groups Dimensions Ear Elderly Electrophysiology (science)Environment Exhibits Frequencies Functional disorder Generations Goals Grant Hearing Hearing Tests Human Impairment Investigation Location Masks Modeling National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Nature Nerve Neuronal Dysfunction Noise Peripheral Population Psychophysics Public Health Recovery Residual state Series Signal Transduction Speech Stimulus Structure Testing Time Tinnitus Work age related aging population auditory processing experience hearing impairment insight interest public health relevance response senescence sound

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this project is to determine the nature of the hearing difficulties experienced by listeners whose ability to hear quiet sounds like pure tones is still relatively good. One particular focus of the project is on older listeners who, despte normal audiograms, find understanding speech in background sounds difficult. For comparison, younger listeners with cochlear hearing loss will also be examined. The framework of the project is structured around 3 Specific Aims. The first Aim explores the possibility that normal thresholds in quiet can belie permanent neural dysfunction at the level of the auditory nerve, a situation that parallels noise exposure work showing that recovery of sensitivity following acoustic over-exposure can occur despite residual nerve damage. This Aim will lead to a better delineation of the sound-processing deficits that exist in the face of apparently good hearing. The second Aim focuses on auditory brainstem responses [ABRs] evoked by complex sounds like speech. This type of ABR testing is rapidly growing in usage but much remains to be understood about the basic response. The immediate goal of the second Aim is to study the particular situation of age-related differences in the speech-evoked ABR, but the broader objective is to use this study as a vehicle to better understand the multiplicity of factors that contribute to the generation of the speech-evoked ABR both in the normal and cochlear-impaired auditory system. The final Aim contributes a new perspective on factors that affect speech understanding in everyday listening environments where the background sound is typically fluctuating in both time and frequency making the glimpses of target speech themselves dynamically vary across these dimensions as well as across ears. Together, these three Aims combine to provide a series of parallel studies that will significantly advance our understanding of the processing of complex sounds like speech in challenging listening environments, even for people with relatively good hearing.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目的是确定听众遇到的听力困难的性质，听众的能力像纯音一样，仍然相对较好。该项目的一个特殊重点是老年听众，他们是普通的听力图，在背景中找到理解语音听起来很困难。为了进行比较，还将检查具有耳蜗听力损失的年轻听众。该项目的框架是围绕3个特定目标的结构。第一个目的探讨了安静的正常阈值可以在听觉神经级别上识别永久性神经功能障碍的可能性，这种情况表明，尽管残留神经损害，但声音过度暴露后的敏感性恢复可能会发生。这个目标将导致更好地描述面对良好听力的声音处理缺陷。第二个目标重点是听觉脑干反应[ABR]，如语音之类的复杂声音所引起的。这种类型的ABR测试在使用中正在迅速增长，但基本响应仍有许多待理解。第二个目的的直接目标是研究语音引起的ABR中与年龄相关的差异的特定状况，但是更广泛的目标是将本研究用作更好地了解有助于产生语音诱发的ABR的多样性的工具。最终目标对影响日常聆听环境中语音理解的因素有了新的看法，在这些因素中，背景声音通常在时间和频率上都在波动，从而使目标语音的瞥见本身在这些维度和跨耳朵之间动态变化。这三个目标共同提供了一系列平行的研究，这些研究将大大提高我们对挑战性聆听环境中语音等复杂声音的处理，即使对于听力相对良好的人也是如此。