Temporal masking and speech recognition in the aging auditory system: US-Brazil

老化听觉系统中的时间掩蔽和语音识别：美国-巴西

• 批准号: 8307293
• 负责人: John H Grose
• 金额: $ 5.08万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8307293
• 关键词: Address; Age; Aging; Aging-Related Process; American; Auditory; Auditory system; Brazil; Characteristics; Cochlear Hearing Loss; Code; Collaborations; Communication; Consensus; Country; Cueing for speech; Elderly; Exhibits; Goals; Grant; Hearing; Investigation; Language; Masks; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Nature; Noise; Parents; Performance; Peripheral; Play; Presbycusis; Process; Psychophysics; Public Health; Research; Role; Speech; Stimulus; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; age effect; age related; knowledge base; normal aging; novel; parent project; relating to nervous system; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research will be done in collaboration with Drs. Denise Menezes and Silvana Griz at the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco ('Federal University of Pernambuco') in Recife, Brazil, as an extension of NIH Grant No. R01DC001507, 9-20-2008 to 8-31-2013. Listeners with normal hearing usually find speech recognition easier in a modulated background than in a steady background that has the same overall level. This modulation benefit - or masking release - is typically more pronounced in younger listeners than older listeners. The purpose of this project is to assess the contribution of central deficits in temporal processing to this age-related reduction in masking release. Specific Aim 1 examines the relationship between speech recognition in modulated noise and temporal masking performance as a function of age, controlling for audibility. Masking release for both American English and Brazilian Portuguese will be measured. The goal is to assess the extent to which forward and backward masking by the masker peaks obscures speech information in the masker troughs, thereby limiting modulation benefit. The issue of age effects in forward masking is itself undeveloped, and findings are mixed as to whether older listeners exhibit exacerbated forward masking. The purpose of Specific Aim 2 is to relate psychophysical and electrophysiological measures of forward masking as a function of age in order to clarify this issue. The focus on masking effects will specifically employ speech-relevant stimuli. Jointly, these two interwoven aims will advance our understanding of how the normal aging process compromises temporal masking - particularly as it relates to speech recognition in fluctuating backgrounds. This understanding will be 'globalized' by undertaking the investigation simultaneously in two countries (U.S. and Brazil) using two languages (American English and Brazilian Portuguese).

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究将与DRS合作进行。在巴西雷克（Recife）的联邦de Pernambuco大学（“联邦佩南布科大学”）的丹妮丝·梅内兹斯（Denise Menezes）和西尔瓦纳（Silvana）Griz作为NIH赠款号R01DC001507，9-20-2008至8-31-2013的NIH赠款的扩展。听力正常的听众通常在调制背景中发现语音识别比具有相同整体级别的稳定背景更容易。在年轻的听众中，这种调制益处（或掩盖释放）通常比老年听众更为明显。该项目的目的是评估临时处理中核心缺陷对这种与年龄相关的掩盖释放减少的贡献。具体目标1检查了调制噪声中语音识别与时间掩盖性能随着年龄的函数而控制的，从而控制了听觉性。将测量美国英语和巴西葡萄牙语的掩蔽释放。目的是评估掩蔽峰的向前和向后掩蔽的程度遮盖了掩蔽槽中的语音信息，从而限制了调制益处。向前掩蔽中年龄效应的问题本身并没有开发，并且关于年长听众是否表现出加剧的前向掩蔽的发现混合在一起。特定目标2的目的是将正向掩盖的心理物理和电生理学测量与年龄的函数相关联，以澄清这个问题。对掩蔽效应的重点将特别采用与语音相关的刺激。共同的两个交织的目标将促进我们对正常衰老过程如何损害时间掩盖的理解 - 尤其是在波动背景下与语音识别有关的情况。通过使用两种语言（美国英语和巴西葡萄牙语）同时在两个国家（美国和巴西）同时进行调查，将“全球化”。