Social Capital and Late HIV Diagnosis in the United States

美国的社会资本和艾滋病毒晚期诊断

• 批准号: 9348812
• 负责人: Yusuf Ransome
• 金额: $ 1.69万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-06 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9348812
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Advisory Committees; Affect; African American; American; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Authorization documentation; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caribbean region; Cells; Cities; Clinical Research; Committee Members; Communities; Competence; Data; Diagnosis; Disclosure; Environment; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnography; Evaluation; Funding; General Population; Geography; Goals; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV diagnosis; Health Policy; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Household; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Incidence; Individual; Institutes; International; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Learning; Link; Mediating; Mentors; Methods; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; New York; New York City; Pennsylvania; Persons; Philadelphia; Population; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Probability; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Qualitative Research; Race; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Series; Structure; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Training; Trust; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Viral; Viral Load result; Writing; base; cohesion; community based participatory research; design; disparity reduction; ethnic difference; implementation science; improved; innovation; lens; medication compliance; member; mortality; permissiveness; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racial disparity; research and development; social; social capital; social health determinants; social stigma; socioeconomics; surveillance data; therapy development; transmission process

Project Summary DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) is to prepare the candidate with competencies to become an independent NIH-funded researcher. The candidate’s long-term goal is to develop expertise in HIV prevention research and in community-level HIV prevention design, implementation, and evaluation. The proposed research in the K01 period is to investigate the role of community-level mechanisms linking social capital to late HIV diagnosis in the United States (US). Late HIV diagnosis remains a persistent public health threat in the US; it is associated with poorer survival among HIV+ persons, and drives onward HIV transmission in the community. The association among social capital, mediating mechanisms and HIV diagnosis remains under-investigated in the US. Aim 1: To characterize the longitudinal relationship between social capital and late HIV diagnosis across race/ethnicity. AIM 2: To investigate mechanisms (HIV testing and HIV stigma) in relation to the association between social capital and late HIV diagnosis across race/ethnicity. AIM 3: To develop and pilot social capital indicators, tailored to HIV prevention. The candidate will develop additional training through didactic coursework in 1) advanced quantitative and qualitative research methods including spatial econometrics, ethnography, and community based participatory research; 2) epidemiologic/clinical study design, and 3) intervention development. The candidate will be mentored by a team of internationally renowned experts in HIV prevention research, social determinants of health, causal inference, and HIV surveillance systems. Mentor and advisory committee members are from Harvard University, City University of New York, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, Emory University, and University of Pennsylvania. Institutional resources available to the candidate include Harvard Center for AIDS Research and The Fenway Institute. Findings from the proposed research will provide the competencies and preliminary data for the candidate to write an R01 or R34 proposal to develop, implement, and evaluate a community-level social capital-based HIV prevention intervention.

项目摘要 描述（应用程序提供）：拟议的指导科学家职业发展的目的 奖项（K01）是为候选人做好准备，使候选人成为一名独立的NIH资助研究人员。 候选人的长期目标是发展艾滋病毒预防研究和社区级艾滋病毒的专业知识 预防设计，实施和评估。 K01时期拟议的研究是为了调查 在美国（美国）将社会资本与晚期艾滋病毒诊断的社区水平机制联系起来的作用。 在美国，晚期HIV诊断仍然是持续存在的公共卫生威胁；它与较差的生存有关 在艾滋病毒+人中，在社区中向前驱动艾滋病毒传播。社会之间的联系 在美国，资本，中介机制和艾滋病毒诊断不足。目标1：到 表征社会资本与跨种族/种族的晚期HIV诊断之间的纵向关系。 目标2：研究与社会之间关联有关的机制（HIV检测和HIV污名） 跨种族/种族的资本和晚期艾滋病毒诊断。目标3：制定和试行社会资本指标， 针对预防艾滋病毒量身定制。候选人将通过1个教学课程进行其他培训。 高级定量和定性研究方法，包括空间经济学，人种志和 基于社区的参与研究； 2）流行病学/临床研究设计，3）干预 发展。候选人将由国际知名的艾滋病毒预防专家考虑 研究，健康，因果推理和艾滋病毒监测系统的社会决定者。导师和咨询 委员会成员来自哈佛大学，纽约市城市大学，公立研究生院 埃默里大学和宾夕法尼亚大学健康与卫生政策。可用于机构资源 候选人包括哈佛大学艾滋病研究中心和芬威研究所。来自 拟议的研究将为候选人提供R01或R34的能力和初步数据 提议开发，实施和评估社区级的基于社会资本的艾滋病毒预防 干涉。