The Development and Validation of an Observational Coding System for Real-Time Parent-Adolescent Mentalizing

实时父母青少年心智化观察编码系统的开发和验证

• 批准号: 9397259
• 负责人: Salome Vanwoerden
• 金额: $ 3.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9397259
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Archives; Assessment tool; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Borderline Personality Disorder; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Clinical Research; Code; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Daughter; Development; Disease; Ethnic Origin; Face; Feedback; Fellowship; Female; Gender; Goals; Human; Individual; Interpersonal Relations; Intervention; Knowledge; Longevity; Manuals; Manuscripts; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Mission; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; Onset of illness; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathology; Predictive Value; Preparation; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Public Health; Race; Real-Time Systems; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Assistant; Research Domain Criteria; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Sampling; Scheme; Scientist; Social Processes; Stimulus; Supervision; System; Systems Development; Taxonomy; Testing; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Validation; Videotape; Work; base; data archive; dissemination research; dyadic interaction; improved; mental development; mental state; novel; psychosocial; research data dissemination; skills; social; theories; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Mentalizing, or the ability to attribute mental states to the self and others and to understand how these affect behavior, forms the basis of humans' capacity to build and maintain relationships with one another. As such, it is a key construct of RDoC's Systems for Social Processes. Mentalizing deficits can be categorized as hypermentalizing, hypomentalizing, or no mentalizing and are found in a range of pathology, contributing to poor psychosocial functioning. Adolescence is a key developmental period in the study of mentalizing given dramatic changes in the adolescent social brain that coincide with social reorientation. Adolescence is also characterized by peak onset for psychiatric disorders, and mentalizing deficits have been shown to explain the interpersonal problems associated with these disorders. Despite the importance of mentalizing for adolescent mental health, existing tools assess mentalizing as a stagnant property of a single individual, relying mostly on non-self-referential stimuli or hypothetical scenarios. Further, existing tools fail to take into account the developmental origins of mentalizing, which are based in the parent-child relationship. This research proposal addresses this gap by developing (Aim 1) and evaluating (Aim 2) a tool that can measure mentalizing as it occurs during a real-time parent-adolescent interaction. To address Aim 1, we will use archival data of parent-adolescent dyads participating in a conflict-discussion paradigm and follow Bakeman and Gottman's (1997) approach to observational coding system development to develop a coding manual. With archived videos, reliability and face validity will be evaluated. For Aim 2, we will test the validity of the coding system against existing measures of mentalizing, relationship quality, and borderline personality disorder, which emerges in adolescence and has been shown to be a test case of psychopathology where mentalizing goes awry. By creating the first observational measure of real-time mentalizing based in the parent-adolescent relationship, the proposed research promises to operationalize an important RDoC construct for use by other scientists and clinicians. This is in line with the National Institute of Mental Health's (NIMH) mission to transform the understanding of mental illness by identifying behavioral indicators with high predictive value across disorders. Carrying out the fellowship research will increase our understanding of mentalizing, a process that supports healthy development across the lifespan with the introduction of a more ecologically valid assessment. In conclusion, the award and completion of this project will not only support substantial training in research methods and dissemination to a promising young researcher, but will address a significant need for improved assessment of adolescent mentalizing to inform future research and intervention.

项目摘要/摘要 心理，或将精神状态归因于自我和他人的能力，并了解这些如何影响 行为，构成了人类建立和维持彼此关系的能力的基础。因此，它 是RDOC在社会过程中的关键构造。心理缺陷可以归类为 过度锻炼，降压或没有心理化，并且在一系列病理中发现，有助于 不良的社会心理功能。青春期是对心理化研究的关键发展时期 青少年社会大脑的戏剧性变化与社会重新定向一致。青春期也是 以精神疾病的峰值发作和心理缺陷的特征是解释 与这些疾病相关的人际交往问题。尽管对青少年的心理非常重要 心理健康，现有工具将心理评估为一个人的停滞性，依靠 主要是在非自我参考刺激或假设的情况下。此外，现有工具无法使用 说明基于亲子关系的心理化的发展起源。 该研究建议通过开发（AIM 1）和评估（AIM 2）可以解决这一差距 测量在实时父母 - 青春期相互作用中发生的心理化。要解决目标1，我们将 使用参与冲突范式范式的父母青年二元组的档案数据并关注 Bakeman and Gottman（1997）观察编码系统开发的方法开发编码 手动的。通过存档视频，将评估可靠性和面部有效性。对于AIM 2，我们将测试 编码系统违反了现有的心理，关系质量和边缘性格的衡量标准 疾病，在青春期出现，已被证明是心理病理学的测试案例 心理意识变得不好。通过创建基于实时心理化的第一个观察量度 拟议的研究有望实现重要的RDOC结构 用于其他科学家和临床医生的使用。这与国家心理健康研究所（NIMH）一致 通过确定具有高预测性的行为指标来改变对精神疾病的理解 跨疾病的价值。进行奖学金研究将增加我们对心理化的理解，一个 通过更加生态引入的过程，支持整个生命周期的健康发展 有效评估。总之，该项目的裁决和完成不仅将支持实质性 研究方法的培训和向有前途的年轻研究人员传播，但将解决重大的 需要改善对青少年心理化的评估，以告知未来的研究和干预。