The Development and Validation of an Observational Coding System for Real-Time Parent-Adolescent Mentalizing

实时父母青少年心智化观察编码系统的开发和验证

• 批准号: 9397259
• 负责人: Salome Vanwoerden
• 金额: $ 3.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9397259
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Archives; Assessment tool; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Borderline Personality Disorder; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Clinical Research; Code; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Daughter; Development; Disease; Ethnic Origin; Face; Feedback; Fellowship; Female; Gender; Goals; Human; Individual; Interpersonal Relations; Intervention; Knowledge; Longevity; Manuals; Manuscripts; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Mission; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; Onset of illness; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathology; Predictive Value; Preparation; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Public Health; Race; Real-Time Systems; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Assistant; Research Domain Criteria; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Sampling; Scheme; Scientist; Social Processes; Stimulus; Supervision; System; Systems Development; Taxonomy; Testing; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Validation; Videotape; Work; base; data archive; dissemination research; dyadic interaction; improved; mental development; mental state; novel; psychosocial; research data dissemination; skills; social; theories; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Mentalizing, or the ability to attribute mental states to the self and others and to understand how these affect behavior, forms the basis of humans' capacity to build and maintain relationships with one another. As such, it is a key construct of RDoC's Systems for Social Processes. Mentalizing deficits can be categorized as hypermentalizing, hypomentalizing, or no mentalizing and are found in a range of pathology, contributing to poor psychosocial functioning. Adolescence is a key developmental period in the study of mentalizing given dramatic changes in the adolescent social brain that coincide with social reorientation. Adolescence is also characterized by peak onset for psychiatric disorders, and mentalizing deficits have been shown to explain the interpersonal problems associated with these disorders. Despite the importance of mentalizing for adolescent mental health, existing tools assess mentalizing as a stagnant property of a single individual, relying mostly on non-self-referential stimuli or hypothetical scenarios. Further, existing tools fail to take into account the developmental origins of mentalizing, which are based in the parent-child relationship. This research proposal addresses this gap by developing (Aim 1) and evaluating (Aim 2) a tool that can measure mentalizing as it occurs during a real-time parent-adolescent interaction. To address Aim 1, we will use archival data of parent-adolescent dyads participating in a conflict-discussion paradigm and follow Bakeman and Gottman's (1997) approach to observational coding system development to develop a coding manual. With archived videos, reliability and face validity will be evaluated. For Aim 2, we will test the validity of the coding system against existing measures of mentalizing, relationship quality, and borderline personality disorder, which emerges in adolescence and has been shown to be a test case of psychopathology where mentalizing goes awry. By creating the first observational measure of real-time mentalizing based in the parent-adolescent relationship, the proposed research promises to operationalize an important RDoC construct for use by other scientists and clinicians. This is in line with the National Institute of Mental Health's (NIMH) mission to transform the understanding of mental illness by identifying behavioral indicators with high predictive value across disorders. Carrying out the fellowship research will increase our understanding of mentalizing, a process that supports healthy development across the lifespan with the introduction of a more ecologically valid assessment. In conclusion, the award and completion of this project will not only support substantial training in research methods and dissemination to a promising young researcher, but will address a significant need for improved assessment of adolescent mentalizing to inform future research and intervention.

项目概要/摘要 心智化，或者将心理状态归因于自我和他人并理解这些状态如何影响的能力 行为，构成了人类建立和维持彼此关系的能力的基础。因此，它 是 RDoC 社会流程系统的关键构造。心理缺陷可分为以下几类： 智力过度、智力低下或无智力，存在于一系列病理学中，导致 心理社会功能较差。青春期是心智化研究的关键发展时期 青少年社交大脑的巨大变化与社会重新定位相一致。青春期也是 其特点是精神疾病的发病高峰，而心理缺陷已被证明可以解释 与这些疾病相关的人际关系问题。尽管心理化对青少年很重要 心理健康方面，现有工具将心理化评估为单个个体的停滞属性，依赖于 主要是关于非自我参照的刺激或假设的场景。此外，现有工具未能考虑到 解释心智化的发展起源，其基础是亲子关系。 本研究提案通过开发（目标 1）和评估（目标 2）一种工具来解决这一差距 测量在实时父母与青少年互动期间发生的心智化。为了实现目标 1，我们将 使用参与冲突讨论范式的父母-青少年二人组的档案数据并遵循 Bakeman 和 Gottman (1997) 的观察编码系统开发方法来开发编码 手动的。通过存档视频，将评估可靠性和表面有效性。对于目标 2，我们将测试以下内容的有效性 针对心理化、关系质量和边缘人格的现有衡量标准的编码系统 疾病，出现在青春期，并已被证明是精神病理学的一个测试案例，其中 心智化出了问题。通过创建第一个基于实时心智化的观察测量 父母与青少年的关系，拟议的研究有望实施一个重要的 RDoC 结构 供其他科学家和临床医生使用。这符合美国国家心理健康研究所 (NIMH) 的规定 使命是通过识别具有高预测性的行为指标来改变对精神疾病的理解 跨疾病的价值。开展奖学金研究将增加我们对心智化的理解，心智化是一种 通过引入更加生态的方式支持整个生命周期的健康发展的过程 有效的评估。总之，该项目的获奖和完成不仅将支持大量 对有前途的年轻研究人员进行研究方法和传播方面的培训，但将解决一个重要问题 需要改进对青少年心理化的评估，为未来的研究和干预提供信息。