Low Dose Rapid Scanning Slit Digital Mammography and Breast Tomosynthesis

低剂量快速扫描狭缝数字化乳腺X线摄影和乳腺断层合成

• 批准号: 9098644
• 负责人: WILLIAM C BARBER
• 金额: $ 46万
• 依托单位: DXRAY, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2017-07-18
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9098644
• 关键词: Address; Algorithms; Anodes; Back; Breast; Breast Cancer Detection; Cadaver; Chicago; Clinical; Collaborations; Collimator; Custom; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Digital Breast Tomosynthesis; Digital Mammography; Discrimination; Dose; Floods; Floor; Generations; Geometry; Goals; Grant; Gray unit of radiation dose; Health; Histocompatibility Testing; Human; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Individual; Iodine; Lighting; Marketing; Measures; Methods; Noise; Output; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Photons; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Power Sources; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Radiation; Resolution; Scanning; Side; Signal Transduction; Spottings; Stream; System; Technology; Thick; Time; Tissue Differentiation; Tissues; Translating; Tube; Universities; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; absorption; attenuation; base; breast imaging; contrast imaging; data acquisition; design; detector; imaging modality; imaging system; improved; innovation; novel; photon-counting detector; prototype; quantum; radiologist; reconstruction; response; screening; simulation; statistics; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This fast track grant titled, "Low Dose Rapid Scanning Slit Digital Mammography and Breast Tomosynthesis" will enable us to bring to market a clinically driven improved method of breast imaging based on photon-counting x-ray detector arrays with energy discrimination. The detectors will enabled significant improvements in x-ray breast imaging such as reduced patient dose while maintaining excellent image quality, enhanced tissue contrast, material decomposition capabilities (tissue type identification), and quantitative iodine contrast imaging. The overall goal is to bring to the marketplace a photon-counting energy-dispersive x-ray detector with energy discrimination for use in human breast imaging. So far we have demonstrated a first generation fast photon-counting x-ray imaging array prototype which has a higher maximum output count rate (by more than an order of magnitude) than all others, and the array has been used to generate the preliminary data. Our technology is capable of counting at over 1 � 106 counts per second (cps) per 100 �m pixel which is 1 � 108 cps/mm2 and is the highest output count rate (OCR) measured to date with x-rays to our knowledge. Our x-ray imaging arrays are completely vertically integrated and can be tiled to large field of view. We use this technology to develop scanning slit breast imaging with multiple stacked 1D high flux energy resolved single photon counting detector arrays. For scanning slit digital mammography (DM) we have the advantage of energy information as compared to the currently available systems. Whereas for scanning slit digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) we would have, in addition to energy information, scatter rejection from the multi-slit scanning. Building a system capable of both DM and DBT in a scanning slit mode offers the chance to achieve DM, DBT, and synthetic DM from DBT data all on one system. A gantry design will be used to sweep the detector slits across the FOV always close to and parallel to the compressed breast and always pointing to the focal spot for both DM (tube at 0�) and DBT (tube anywhere between �25�) so that the geometry of the projection images is the same as currently used in flat panel DM and BDT. The high OCR allows the use of a strong 50 mA x-ray tube to produce shorter scan times. The proposed photon counting x-ray detector based breast imaging will not only improve the quality of the current attenuation-based gray-scale images, but also open a door to completely new applications, new procedures, and new protocols, using the capabilities of tissue-type specific x-ray images. We expect large commercial success with this product. This is due to the significant improvements to and advantages over existing detectors that our technology provides together with the widespread and increasing use of breast imaging. The x-ray exposure in breast cancer screening has been of major concern for radiologists and physicists as the number of examinations has increased. Therefore, a method which reduces the patient dose in screening examinations will have a significant impact on public health. Our product addresses the need to reduce dose in breast imaging. At the same time, improved tissue differentiation and contrast specific identification is needed for better diagnosis. Our product addresses these needs by improving image quality by making use of the energy information contained in the individually counted x-rays at high flux, information that is currently not obtainable with the non photon-counting x-ray imaging arrays currently in use in breast imaging systems.

描述（由适用提供）：这项标题为“低剂量快速扫描缝隙乳房X线摄影和乳房合成”的快速拨款将使我们能够基于具有能量歧视的X射线检测器阵列的光子计数来推销临床驱动的改进的乳房成像方法。这些探测器将能够在X射线乳房成像中进行显着改善，例如减少患者剂量，同时保持出色的图像质量，增强的组织对比度，材料分解能力（组织类型识别）和定量的碘对比成像。总体目标是将光子分散性X射线检测器带入市场，并在人乳房成像中使用能量歧视。到目前为止，我们已经证明了第一代快速光子计数X射线成像阵列原型，该原型的最大输出计数速率（超过一个数量级的阶数），并且该阵列已被用于生成初步数据。我们的技术能够以每100m像素的每秒106次计数（CPS）计数超过1 r计数，即1°CPS/mm2，并且是迄今为止使用X射线测量的最高输出计数率（OCR）。我们的X射线成像阵列是完全垂直集成的，并且可以铺有大量视野。我们使用该技术来开发扫描缝隙乳房成像，并具有多个堆叠的1D高通量能量分辨出单光子计数检测器阵列。对于扫描缝隙数字乳房X线摄影（DM），与当前可用的系统相比，我们具有能量信息的优势。对于扫描缝隙数字乳房合成（DBT），除了能量信息外，我们还可以从多缝扫描中散布拒绝。 Building a system capable of both DM and DBT in a scanning slit mode offers the chance to A gantry design will be used to sweep the detector slits across the FOV always close to and parallel to the compressed breast and always pointing to the focal spot for both DM (tube at 0) and DBT (tube anywhere between 25) so that the geometry of the projection images is the same as currently used in flat panel DM and BDT.高OCR允许使用强50 mA X射线管产生较短的扫描时间。提出的基于X射线探测器的乳房成像的拟议光子不仅会改善当前基于衰减的灰度图像的质量，而且还可以使用组织类型的特定X射线图像的功能，为全新的应用，新程序和新方案打开了通向全新应用，新程序和新协议的门。我们预计该产品的商业成功很大。这是由于我们的技术与乳房成像的宽度和越来越多的使用一起提供的现有探测器的显着改善和优势。随着检查的数量增加，乳腺癌筛查中的X射线暴露一直是放射科医生和物理学家的主要关注点。因此，一种减少患者剂量检查检查的方法将对公共卫生产生重大影响。我们的产品解决了减少乳房成像中剂量的需求。同时，需要改进的组织分化和对比度特定识别才能更好地诊断。我们的产品通过利用在高通量中包含的单独计数X射线中包含的能量信息来满足这些需求，而当前在乳房成像系统中正在使用的非光子计数X射线成像阵列目前尚不可用的信息。