Hand proprioception and sensorimotor interplay

手本体感觉和感觉运动相互作用

• 批准号: 8811486
• 负责人: SLIMAN BENSMAIA
• 金额: $ 45.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8811486
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavior; Brain; Brain Part; Communication; Complex; Conscious; Development; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Ensure; Feedback; Fingers; Goals; Hand; Health; Human; Implant; Individual; Joints; Lesion; Limb Prosthesis; Limb structure; Link; Measures; Mechanics; Methods; Modality; Molecular Conformation; Monitor; Monkeys; Motion; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscle; Neurons; Organ; Pattern; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Posture; Primates; Process; Property; Proprioception; Prosthesis; Research; Role; Sampling; Sensory; Shapes; Shoes; Signal Transduction; Skin; Somatosensory Cortex; System; Techniques; Technology; Touch sensation; Training; Unconscious State; Upper Extremity; Vision; Work; base; body position; density; finger movement; grasp; interest; kinematics; mathematical methods; motor control; multi-electrode arrays; neuroprosthesis; nonhuman primate; receptive field; receptor; relating to nervous system; response; sensory feedback; sensory input; somatosensory; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The hand is one of the most complex, versatile, and critical human sensory organs. Sensory signals from the hand play a key role in guiding the dexterous manipulation of objects. Without these signals, we would need to constantly watch our hand to ensure that an object was properly grasped, to monitor our use of a tool, and to maintain its proper shape. Furthermore, simple activities of daily living, such as tying one's shoe, or turning a door knob, would be slow and clumsy, and require great concentration. In contrast to the sense of touch, which has received a lot of experimental attention, the representation of hand position and hand movements in the brain is poorly understood. Indeed, unlike vision and audition, for which monitors and speakers are commercially available, proprioception research presents unique technological challenges in measuring and manipulating the sensory input. As increasingly sophisticated technologies become available, however, we are able to more fruitfully investigate this important sensory modality. Our objective is to apply rigorous and quantitative methods to investigate the cortical basis of proprioception in primates, with an emphasis on hand kinematics and posture. Furthermore, we seek to understand how proprioceptive representations interact with motor representations in the cortex to guide behavior. To these ends, monkeys will perform two tasks: a grasping task, with objects different widely in shape and size, and a finger-press task, in which the animal is instructed to make individuated finger movements. While the monkeys perform these tasks, we will measure their hand movements using a camera- based motion tracking system, and record, using chronically implanted high-density multi-electrode arrays, the neuronal activity evoked in proprioceptive and motor areas of the cortex. We will then use a variety of mathematical techniques to (1) understand how hand movements and position are represented in the activity of individual neurons and of neuronal populations and (2) characterize the interactions between proprioceptive and motor representations to understand the role of this sensorimotor interplay in motor control. Our labs are currently developing approaches to convey sensory feedback through electrical stimulation of cortex for use in upper-limb neuroprostheses. Proprioceptive information about the position and movements of the prosthetic limb is essential for a complete prosthetic limb for the same reasons it is important in the native limb. Results from the proposed project will thus inform how to incorporate proprioceptive feedback in sensorized neuroprostheses.

描述（由申请人提供）：手是最复杂、最通用、最关键的人类感觉器官之一。手部的感觉信号在指导灵巧地操纵物体方面发挥着关键作用。如果没有这些信号，我们就需要不断地观察我们的手，以确保正确抓住物体，监控我们对工具的使用，并保持其正确的形状。此外，简单的日常生活活动，例如系鞋带或转动门把手，都是缓慢而笨拙的，需要高度集中注意力。与受到大量实验关注的触觉相比，人们对大脑中手部位置和手部运动的表征知之甚少。事实上，与视觉和听觉（监视器和扬声器是商业化的）不同，本体感觉研究在测量和操纵感官输入方面提出了独特的技术挑战。然而，随着日益复杂的技术的出现，我们能够更有效地研究这种重要的感官方式。 我们的目标是应用严格和定量的方法来研究灵长类动物本体感觉的皮质基础，重点是手部运动学和姿势。此外，我们试图了解本体感受表征如何与皮层中的运动表征相互作用以指导行为。为此，猴子将执行两项任务：抓取任务（形状和大小差异很大的物体）和指压任务（指示动物做出个性化的手指动作）。当猴子执行这些任务时，我们将使用基于摄像头的运动跟踪系统测量它们的手部运动，并使用长期植入的高密度多电极阵列记录皮质本体感觉和运动区域引起的神经元活动。然后，我们将使用各种数学技术来（1）了解手部运动和位置如何在单个神经元和神经元群体的活动中表示，以及（2）表征本体感受和运动表征之间的相互作用，以了解这种感觉运动的作用电机控制中的相互作用。 我们的实验室目前正在开发通过皮层电刺激传递感觉反馈的方法，用于上肢神经假体。关于假肢位置和运动的本体感觉信息对于完整的假肢至关重要，其原因与它在原生肢体中的重要性相同。因此，拟议项目的结果将告知如何将本体感觉反馈纳入传感神经假体中。