Vestibular thresholds, including psychophysical response dynamics

前庭阈值，包括心理物理反应动力学

• 批准号: 8523030
• 负责人: Daniel M Merfeld
• 金额: $ 51.95万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8523030
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Age; Animals; Audiometry; Basic Science; Behavior; Bilateral; Biological Assay; Brain; Characteristics; Clinical; Coupled; Cues; Data; Detection; Diagnosis; Discontinuous Capillary; Disease; Frequencies; Goals; Head; Human; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Macaca mulatta; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Motion; Motion Perception; Noise; Patients; Perception; Play; Positioning Attribute; Posture; Procedures; Process; Psychophysics; Reflex action; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Role; Rotation; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Detection Analysis; Stimulus; Symptoms; System; Testing; Theoretical model; Translations; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; Yaws; base; behavior measurement; clinically relevant; design; experience; neglect; neuromechanism; otoconia; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research clinical testing; research study; response; sensory integration; sensory system; statistics; theories; vestibulo-ocular reflex

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent studies have shown that reflexes and perception evoked by vestibular cues can utilize qualitatively different mechanisms; yet there is a paucity of knowledge regarding vestibular perception. This may be why large percentages of vestibular patients report perceptual deficits that are undiagnosed. Regardless of explanation, the underlying causes of many perceptual deficits are not diagnosed. With the exception of the subjective visual vertical test, quantitative clinical tests focus exclusively on reflexive responses. However, the best way to assay undiagnosed motion perception symptoms is via perceptual testing. Therefore, the clinical goal for the research proposed herein is to establish precise efficient methods to quantify motion perception in general and, more specifically, to assay perceptual thresholds. To achieve these clinical goals, we propose patient testing alongside basic science studies. Specifically, one basic science goal of this proposal is to determine thresholds for rotation, translation, and tilt as functions of frequency. To our surprise, tilt thresholds evoked by dynamic tilt stimuli have never been reported. Furthermore, our knowledge of rotation and translation thresholds as a function of frequency - crucial both for clinical testing and for a scientific understanding of the dynamics of vestibular perception - is limited. Using threshold tests, we also propose to study another fundamental characteristic of vestibular perception. Specifically we propose to study the coordinate frame(s) utilized for motion perception. While we focus on perception, we also propose to measure VOR thresholds. To accomplish all of the above goals, we propose a comprehensive set of studies using patients, monkeys, and "normals" to achieve the following specific aims: SA 1. Measure perceptual thresholds in "normal" humans for A) rotations about an earth-vertical axis (canal only), B) for translations (otolith only), and C) for tilts (canal & otolith) across a wide range of frequencies. SA 2. Measure both perceptual and VOR thresholds for yaw rotation (canal only), inter-aural translation (otolith only) and roll tilt (canal and otolith) in rhesus monkeys. SA 3. Measure perceptual thresholds for rotation, translation, and tilt in patients suffering known vestibular disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的研究表明，前庭线索引起的反射和感知可以利用性质不同的机制；然而，关于前庭知觉的知识却很少。这可能就是为什么很大一部分前庭患者报告有未确诊的知觉缺陷。不管如何解释，许多知觉缺陷的根本原因尚未被诊断出来。除了主观视觉垂直测试之外，定量临床测试仅关注反射反应。然而，检测未诊断的运动知觉症状的最佳方法是通过知觉测试。因此，本文提出的研究的临床目标是建立精确有效的方法来量化一般运动感知，更具体地说，测定感知阈值。为了实现这些临床目标，我们建议在基础科学研究的同时进行患者测试。具体来说，该提案的一个基本科学目标是确定作为频率函数的旋转、平移和倾斜的阈值。令我们惊讶的是，动态倾斜刺激引起的倾斜阈值从未被报道过。此外，我们对旋转和平移阈值作为频率函数的了解——对于临床测试和对前庭知觉动态的科学理解至关重要——是有限的。使用阈值测试，我们还建议研究前庭知觉的另一个基本特征。具体来说，我们建议研究用于运动感知的坐标系。在我们关注感知的同时，我们还建议测量 VOR 阈值。为了实现上述所有目标，我们提出了一套全面的研究，使用患者、猴子和“正常人”来实现以下具体目标： SA 1. 测量“正常”人类对于 A）绕地球旋转的感知阈值 -垂直轴（仅耳石），B）用于平移（仅耳石），C）用于跨广泛频率的倾斜（耳道和耳石）。 SA 2. 测量恒河猴的偏航旋转（仅耳道）、耳间平移（仅耳石）和滚动倾斜（耳道和耳石）的感知和 VOR 阈值。 SA 3. 测量患有已知前庭疾病的患者的旋转、平移和倾斜的感知阈值。