Memory, Attention, and Default Mode Processes in Human Posteromedial Cortex

人类后内侧皮层的记忆、注意力和默认模式过程

基本信息

批准号：
8831013
负责人：
Josef Parvizi
金额：
$ 34.34万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-03-01 至 2016-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8831013
关键词：
Address Area Attention Attention Deficit Disorder Autistic Disorder Brain Brain Part Brain region Cognition Conscious Coupling Dementia Electric Stimulation Electrical Stimulation of the Brain Electrocorticogram Electrodes Electroencephalography Elements Epilepsy Evaluation Frequencies Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Future Goals Human Image Implant Individual Investigation Knowledge Lateral Lesion Light Maps Measures Medial Memory Methods Mind Modeling Monitor Neurologic Parietal Parietal Lobe Participant Patients Performance Physical environment Positron-Emission Tomography Process Rest Role Scalp structure Specificity Stimulus Structure Temporal Lobe Testing Thinking Work base cingulate cortex cognitive task directed attention hemodynamics human data human subject information processing long term memory neuroimaging neurophysiology novel physical process response temporal measurement tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human mind is hallmarked by a continuous interplay between processing information from the physical environment and processing spontaneously generated information from long-term memory in the form of current concerns, future plans, wishes and recollections. This proposal aims to explore how this interplay is made possible by specific brain structures. For this purpose, we propose to study the function of the human posteromedial cortex (PMC) and determine its interaction with lateral parietal cortex (LPC) and medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures known to subserve attention and memory. The PMC is an important part of the brain structures that demonstrate reduced activity during the performance of externally directed attention tasks, while demonstrating higher activity during resting states when subjects are not engaged in any external interactions and when their minds wander. To date, the neurophysiological correlates of PMC function in the human brain, including its anatomical and temporal specificity, remain unexplored. We will address this gap of knowledge by directly monitoring and reversibly altering the activity of the PMC during cognitive tasks of attention and memory in conscious human subjects who are implanted with intracranial electrodes, as part of routine presurgical epilepsy evaluation. The proposed work will be the first to combine direct electrocorticography (ECoG) and electrical brain stimulation (EBS) in the human PMC. The neurophysiological activity of each PMC subregion will be directly recorded with high temporal resolution and individual subject anatomical precision, and will be altered to test the effect of 'transient lesions' in each subregion of the PMC during attention and memory conditions. Our overarching framework is that two PMC subregions, namely the posterior cingulated cortex (PCC) and the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), have non-overlapping roles and selective interactions with the networks of attention and memory, respectively. The resulting progress promises to shed light on the deficits associated with PMC dysfunction, in patients with attention deficit disorders, autism, epilepsy, and dementia.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类的思想是通过从物理环境中处理信息与处理从长期记忆中自发生成的信息之间的连续相互作用标志性的，以当前关注，未来的计划，愿望和回忆的形式。该建议旨在探讨特定的大脑结构如何使这种相互作用成为可能。为此，我们建议研究人类后内侧皮层（PMC）的功能，并确定其与侧向顶叶皮层（LPC）和内侧颞叶（MTL）结构的相互作用。 PMC是大脑结构的重要组成部分，在外部定向注意任务的表现过程中表现出降低的活动，同时在受试者不参与任何外部互动以及他们的思想徘徊时表现出较高的静止状态活动。迄今为止，PMC功能在人脑中的神经生理学相关性，包括其解剖学和时间特异性，尚未探索。我们将通过直接监测和可逆地改变PMC的活性来解决这一知识的差距，这是常规前术前癫痫评估的一部分，在有意识的人类受试者的注意力和记忆中，这些受试者被植入颅内电极。拟议的工作将是第一个在人PMC中结合直接皮质摄影（ECOG）和电脑刺激（EBS）。每个PMC子区域的神经生理活性将以高的时间分辨率和个体对象的解剖学精度直接记录，并将在注意力和记忆条件下的每个PMC每个子区域中进行更改以测试“瞬态病变”的效果。我们的总体框架是，两个PMC子区域，即后扣带皮层（PCC）和泛胞后皮质（RSC），分别具有非重叠角色以及与注意力和记忆网络的选择性相互作用。随之而来的进展有望阐明患有注意力缺陷障碍，自闭症，癫痫和痴呆症患者与PMC功能障碍相关的缺陷。