Numbers in the Human Brain

人脑中的数字

基本信息

批准号：
9927687
负责人：
Josef Parvizi
金额：
$ 39.5万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9927687
关键词：
Address Affect Anatomy Architecture Area Arithmetic Arts Attention Behavior Behavioral Biological Process Brain Categories Chronic Civilization Code Cognition Cognitive Education Electrical Stimulation of the Brain Electrocorticogram Electrodes Electrophysiology (science)Evoked Potentials Exhibits Experimental Models Frequencies Future Goals Human Human body Implant Individual Inferior Knowledge Language Lateral Learning Link Literature Location Maps Mathematics Measures Memory Molds Monitor Nature Neurons Neurosciences Research Parietal Phase Population Positioning Attribute Process Property Reaction Time Reading Research Rest Role Semantics Services Signal Transduction Site Societies Surface Surrogate Markers Temporal Lobe Therapeutic Thinking Time Visual Visual Perception Visual system structure Work behavior change behavior measurement behavioral response cognitive function experience fascinate functional plasticity human subject insight intraparietal sulcus invention millimeter millisecond multimodality neuroregulation nonhuman primate novel prototype public health relevance response spatiotemporal temporal measurement visual processing

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human civilizations are hallmarked by communicating magnitude, time, and space in the form of numeral symbols. Humans learn to speak a certain language and read its symbols depending on the culture they live in. All brains are known to have specialized group of neuronal populations in the visual system that, through education and culture, are pruned to recognize these visual symbols, and be able to feed them to specific networks of the brain where they are processed. The existence of neuronal populations in the brain's visual system to respond selectively to numerals is a fascinating example of how nurture affects our nature, i.e., how cultural experience and education change the brain's biological function. Yet, relatively little is known about the way these specialized populations of neurons operate in the visual system and with the networks of language and numerosity. The proposed work will be the first multimodal approach to combine direct recordings from the surface of the human brain (electrocorticography, ECoG) as well as causing reversible functional perturbations by electrical brain stimulation (EBS). The proposed work aims to provide a comprehensive map of the location and functional properties and connectivity of the specialized areas of the ventral temporal cortex (VTC) for numerals (i.e., visual numeral area (VNA). Lastly, we propose to study how the neuronal population activities change in the VTC when human subjects learn to associate foreign symbols with their categorical and semantic identities. We are hopeful and confident that our novel multimodal approach will provide unprecedented spatiotemporal information to clarify the outstanding questions about the functional contributions of VTC subregions to how numbers are processed in the human brain.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类文明的特点是以数字符号的形式交流大小、时间和空间。人类根据他们所生活的文化学习说某种语言并阅读其符号。视觉系统中有专门的神经群体，通过教育和文化，它们被修剪以识别这些视觉符号，并能够将它们输入到大脑的特定网络中进行处理。大脑对数字做出选择性反应的视觉系统是一个有趣的例子，说明了后天如何影响我们的本性，即文化经验和教育如何改变大脑的生物功能。然而，人们对这些特殊的神经元群在大脑中的运作方式知之甚少。所提出的工作将是第一个将人类大脑表面的直接记录（皮质电图，ECoG）结合起来并引起可逆功能的多模式方法。拟议的工作旨在提供腹侧颞叶皮层（VTC）数字专用区域（即视觉数字区域（VNA）的位置、功能特性和连接性的全面图谱。最后，我们建议研究当人类受试者学会将外来符号与其类别和语义身份联系起来时，VTC 中的神经元群活动如何变化。我们对我们新颖的多模态方法将提供前所未有的希望和信心。时空信息，以澄清有关 VTC 子区域对人脑如何处理数字的功能贡献的悬而未决的问题。