Memory, Attention, and Default Mode Processes in Human Posteromedial Cortex

人类后内侧皮层的记忆、注意力和默认模式过程

• 批准号: 8274369
• 负责人: Josef Parvizi
• 金额: $ 34.34万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8274369
• 关键词: Address; Area; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Brain; Brain Part; Brain region; Cognition; Cognitive; Conscious; Coupling; Dementia; Electric Stimulation; Electrical Stimulation of the Brain; Electrocorticogram; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Elements; Epilepsy; Evaluation; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Human; Image; Implant; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Lateral; Lesion; Light; Maps; Measures; Medial; Memory; Methods; Mind; Modeling; Monitor; Neurologic; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Patients; Performance; Physical environment; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Resolution; Rest; Role; Scalp structure; Specificity; Stimulus; Structure; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thinking; Work; base; cingulate cortex; directed attention; hemodynamics; human data; human subject; information processing; long term memory; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; novel; physical process; response; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human mind is hallmarked by a continuous interplay between processing information from the physical environment and processing spontaneously generated information from long-term memory in the form of current concerns, future plans, wishes and recollections. This proposal aims to explore how this interplay is made possible by specific brain structures. For this purpose, we propose to study the function of the human posteromedial cortex (PMC) and determine its interaction with lateral parietal cortex (LPC) and medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures known to subserve attention and memory. The PMC is an important part of the brain structures that demonstrate reduced activity during the performance of externally directed attention tasks, while demonstrating higher activity during resting states when subjects are not engaged in any external interactions and when their minds wander. To date, the neurophysiological correlates of PMC function in the human brain, including its anatomical and temporal specificity, remain unexplored. We will address this gap of knowledge by directly monitoring and reversibly altering the activity of the PMC during cognitive tasks of attention and memory in conscious human subjects who are implanted with intracranial electrodes, as part of routine presurgical epilepsy evaluation. The proposed work will be the first to combine direct electrocorticography (ECoG) and electrical brain stimulation (EBS) in the human PMC. The neurophysiological activity of each PMC subregion will be directly recorded with high temporal resolution and individual subject anatomical precision, and will be altered to test the effect of 'transient lesions' in each subregion of the PMC during attention and memory conditions. Our overarching framework is that two PMC subregions, namely the posterior cingulated cortex (PCC) and the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), have non-overlapping roles and selective interactions with the networks of attention and memory, respectively. The resulting progress promises to shed light on the deficits associated with PMC dysfunction, in patients with attention deficit disorders, autism, epilepsy, and dementia. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Human mind is hallmarked by a continuous interplay between processing information from the physical environment and processing spontaneously generated information from long-term memory. This proposal aims to explore how this interplay is made possible by specific brain structures. The resulting progress promises to shed light on the deficits associated with PMC dysfunction, in patients with attention deficit disorders, autism, epilepsy, and dementia.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类思维的特点是处理来自物理环境的信息和处理来自长期记忆的自发生成的信息（以当前关注、未来计划、愿望和回忆的形式）之间的持续相互作用。该提案旨在探索特定的大脑结构如何使这种相互作用成为可能。为此，我们建议研究人类后内侧皮质（PMC）的功能，并确定其与已知有助于注意力和记忆的外侧顶叶皮质（LPC）和内侧颞叶（MTL）结构的相互作用。 PMC 是大脑结构的重要组成部分，在执行外部定向注意力任务期间表现出较低的活动，而在受试者不参与任何外部互动且思维走神的静息状态下表现出较高的活动。迄今为止，人脑 PMC 功能的神经生理学相关性（包括其解剖学和时间特异性）仍未得到探索。作为常规术前癫痫评估的一部分，我们将通过直接监测和可逆地改变植入颅内电极的有意识人类受试者的注意力和记忆认知任务期间 PMC 的活动来解决这一知识差距。拟议的工作将是第一个 在人类 PMC 中结合直接皮质电图 (ECoG) 和脑电刺激 (EBS)。每个 PMC 子区域的神经生理活动将以高时间分辨率和个体受试者解剖精度直接记录，并将进行更改以测试在注意力和记忆条件下 PMC 每个子区域“短暂损伤”的影响。我们的总体框架是两个 PMC 子区域，即后扣带皮层 (PCC) 和压后皮层 (RSC)，分别具有不重叠的作用和与注意力和记忆网络的选择性相互作用。由此产生的进展有望揭示注意力缺陷障碍、自闭症、癫痫和痴呆症患者中与 PMC 功能障碍相关的缺陷。 公共健康相关性：人类思维的特点是处理来自物理环境的信息和处理来自长期记忆的自发生成的信息之间的持续相互作用。该提案旨在探索特定的大脑结构如何使这种相互作用成为可能。由此产生的进展有望揭示注意力缺陷障碍、自闭症、癫痫和痴呆症患者中与 PMC 功能障碍相关的缺陷。