Delay Discounting and Household Food Choices

延迟折扣和家庭食品选择

• 批准号: 8857154
• 负责人: Bradley M. Appelhans
• 金额: $ 44.44万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8857154
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Model; Behavioral Sciences; Calories; Cardiovascular Diseases; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary Factors; Dietary Intervention; Dietary intake; Disease; Eating; Eating Behavior; Engineering; Environment; Food; Food Industry; Future; Goals; Guidelines; Habits; Health; Health Expenditures; Health Food; Heart Diseases; Home environment; Home visitation; House Call; Household; Individual; Individual Differences; Ingestion; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nutrient; Nutritional; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Population; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Restaurants; Rewards; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Sensory; Services; Sodium; Source; Stroke; Supermarket; Techniques; Terminology; Testing; Time; Visit; base; cardiometabolic risk; discounting; effective intervention; fast food; food environment; food quality; fruits and vegetables; indexing; innovation; instrument; meetings; modifiable risk; mortality; novel; obesity risk; pleasure; preference; saturated fat; sugar; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Unhealthy dietary intake and obesity account for a substantial proportion of new cases of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and cancer in the U.S., but the behavioral factors that influence the selection of unhealthy, obesity-promoting foods from the environment are unknown. The ability to delay gratification has been shown to be an important predictor of food intake in laboratory and naturalistic settings, but it is unknown whether or how this trait may influence real-world food choices in different contexts. The proposed study tests a behavioral model of food choice based on the ability to delay gratification. Highly innovative methods will be used to assess the nutrient content of household food choices among 121 adults who are the primary household food shoppers. Household food purchases will be documented by research staff during repeated home assessment visits, and the foods available in the home environment will be documented by researchers using a validated auditing instrument. Ability to delay gratification will be measured using a binary choice task that quantifies the relative subjective value of rewards as a function of time to their delivery. Specific Aim 1 tests whether individuals who are less able to delay gratification make less healthful household food purchases, reflected in a single summary index of overall diet quality. Analyses will also explore whether the association between the ability to delay gratification and the healthfulness of food purchases varies across different food sources, as supermarkets, small grocery stores, and convenience stores substantially differ in the foods available for purchase. Specific Aim 2 examines whether individuals who are less able to delay gratification tend to create obesity-promoting home food environments, reflected in the number of high-calorie foods present in the home. Specific Aim 3 addresses the relationship between the ability to delay gratification and reliance on foods prepared away-from-home, with the prediction that individuals who are less able to delay gratification will purchase a larger percentage of total calories from fast food, take-out/delivery, and full-service restaurants. Support for a behavioral model in which the ability to delay gratification influences food choice would advance the scientific understanding of vulnerability to cardiometabolic diseases in the modern environment and suggest new dietary intervention strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，不健康的饮食摄入和肥胖症是新的心脏病，糖尿病，中风和癌症病例的很大一部分，但是影响选择不健康，肥胖食品的行为因素是未知的。延迟满足的能力已被证明是实验室和自然主义环境中食品摄入的重要预测指标，但是在不同情况下，这种特征是否或如何影响现实世界中的食物选择是未知的。拟议的研究基于延迟满足的能力来测试食物选择的行为模型。高度创新的方法将用于评估121名主要家庭食品购物者的家庭食品选择的营养含量。研究人员将在重复的家庭评估访问期间记录家庭食品购买，而研究人员将使用经过验证的审计工具记录家庭环境中可用的食物。将使用二进制选择任务来衡量延迟满足的能力，该任务将奖励的相对主观价值作为时间的函数量化 送货。特定的目标1测试是否能够延迟满足满足感的个人是否会减少健康的家庭食品购买，这反映在整体饮食质量的单个摘要中。分析还将探讨延迟满足感的能力与食物购买的健康之间的关联是否在不同的食物来源，超市，小型杂货店和便利店在可供购买的食品上有很大差异。具体目标2研究了延迟满足满足感的个人是否倾向于创造促进肥胖的家庭食物环境，这反映在家庭中存在的高热量食品中。特定的目标3解决了延迟满足感的能力与依赖于远离家庭的食物的能力之间的关系，预测的人延迟满足满足感的人将从快餐，外卖/送货和全服务餐厅中购买较大的总卡路里百分比。支持一种行为模型，在这种行为模型中，延迟满足能力会影响食物选择的能力将提高对现代环境中心脏代谢疾病的脆弱性的科学理解，并提出新的饮食干预策略。