Economic Contraction and Alcohol-Related Suicides: A Multilevel Analysis

经济收缩和酒精相关自杀：多层次分析

• 批准号: 8735833
• 负责人: MARK S. KAPLAN
• 金额: $ 30.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-20 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8735833
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Area; Beverages; Blood alcohol level measurement; Budgets; Censuses; Cessation of life; Complex; Contracts; County; Data; Databases; Distress; Drug usage; Economic Conditions; Economics; Elderly; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Foreclosure; Gender; Geographic Locations; Health; Health Status; Home environment; Household; Housing; Income; Individual; Information Systems; Intoxication; Life; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; NIH Program Announcements; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Natural experiment; Pattern; Play; Policies; Population; Population Group; Poverty; Prevention; Price; Public Health; Public Policy; Publishing; Race; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sales; Suicide; Surveys; System; Taxes; Testing; Time; Toxicology; Unemployment; United States; Variant; Violence; age group; alcohol availability; alcohol involvement; alcohol misuse; alcohol policy information system; consumption measures; density; density of AOD outlets; drinking; economic impact; experience; innovation; interest; male; men; modifiable risk; mortality; multilevel analysis; public health relevance; public policy on alcohol; response; socioeconomics; statistics; suicide mortality; suicide rate; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is a revision of R01 AA021791-01 that was reviewed in June 2010 by BGES. The revisions address methodological shortcomings. The United States economy contracted markedly starting December 2007. There is substantial evidence indicating the impact of contracting economies, particularly levels of unemployment, on suicide mortality risk. But less is known about the role alcohol misuse plays in the complex relationship between economic conditions and suicide. Preliminary data suggest that acute intoxication (blood alcohol concentration (BAC) e .08 g/dl) among male suicide decedents has increased at least 10% since the official start of the recession. Alcohol plays a key role in suicide and, indeed 7,235 deaths and 242,456 years of potential life lost resulted from alcohol-attributable suicides in 2001-05. This project will estimate the effect of the economic downturn on rates of suicide involving acute alcohol intoxication using newly available data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). The NVDRS is a large (57,813 suicide decedents in 2003-09) and demographically well-characterized database with toxicology information (i.e., BACs). The project aims are as follows: (1) describe suicides associated with acute alcohol ingestion by geographic region and by time from before (2003-07) to after the onset (2008-12) of the economic contraction; (2) examine the association between measures of economic distress and rates of alcohol-related suicide by geographic area and by time; (3) analyze the roles of alcohol consumption and alcohol availability in explaining connections (if any) between economic contraction and alcohol-related suicide; and (4) compare relationships among economic contraction, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related suicide across age, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic sub-groups of the population. Several levels of data (state, substate, county, and individual) will be combined to capture the nested complexity between economic downturn and variation in alcohol-related suicides. The project will utilize multiple indicators of economic distress, including short- and long-term unemployment, median household income, poverty rates, home foreclosure rates, and median housing prices. Other key environmental indicators will include population drinking patterns, substance use, mental health status, and alcohol-control policies (i.e., alcohol taxes, density of alcohol outlets, and alcohol sales). These data will be obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Census Bureau, Realtytrac, Federal Housing Finance Agency, National Alcohol Beverage Control Association, Alcohol Policy Information System, state alcohol beverage control boards, Alcohol Epidemiological Data System, and the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Documenting the effects of the economic contraction on alcohol- associated suicide mortality will be of considerable interest to state and federal decision-makers concerned about public health while dealing with budget deficits and a prolonged downturn.

描述（由申请人提供）：此提案是R01 AA021791-01的修订版，该修订于2010年6月由BGES进行了审查。修订解决方法论缺陷。美国经济从2007年12月开始明显签约。有大量证据表明，缔约国经济体，尤其是失业水平对自杀死亡率风险的影响。但是，关于酒精滥用在经济状况与自杀之间的复杂关系中所扮演的角色知之甚少。初步数据表明，自衰退正式开始以来，男性自杀死者中的急性中毒（血液酒精浓度（BAC）E .08 g/dl）至少增加了10％。酒精在自杀中起着关键作用，实际上是7,235人死亡和242,456年的潜在生命，这是由于2001 - 05年的酒精饮酒自杀而造成的。该项目将使用国家暴力死亡报告系统（NVDRS）的新可用数据来估计经济衰退对涉及急性酒精中毒的自杀率的影响。 NVDR是一个大型（2003 - 09年的57,813名自杀死者），具有毒理学信息（即BAC）的人口统计学良好的数据库。该项目的目的如下：（1）描述与地理区域急性饮酒相关的自杀，以及从之前（2003-07）到开始（2008-12）（2008-12）的自杀； （2）检查经济困扰措施与划分与酒精相关的自杀率和时间之间的关联； （3）分析饮酒和饮酒在解释经济收缩与与酒精有关的自杀之间的联系中的作用； （4）比较跨年龄，性别，种族/种族和人口的社会经济子群体之间经济收缩，饮酒和与酒精有关的自杀之间的关系。将合并几个级别的数据（状态，取代，县和个人），以捕获经济不景气与酒精相关自杀的变化之间的嵌套复杂性。该项目将利用经济困扰的多种指标，包括短期和长期失业，家庭收入中位数，贫困率，房屋止赎率和中位住房价格。其他关键的环境指标将包括人口饮酒方式，药物使用，心理健康状况和酒精控制政策（即酒精税，酒精渠道的密度和酒精销售）。这些数据将从劳工统计局，人口普查局，房地产经济体，联邦住房融资局，国家酒精饮料控制协会，酒精政策信息系统，州酒精饮料控制委员会，酒精流行病学数据系统以及全国药物使用和健康调查。记录经济收缩对酒精相关的自杀死亡率的影响将使人们关心公共卫生的州和联邦决策者在处理预算赤字和长期衰退的情况下具有很大的兴趣。