Acute Alcohol Use and Suicide

急性酒精使用和自杀

• 批准号: 8182036
• 负责人: MARK S. KAPLAN
• 金额: $ 34.49万
• 依托单位: PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-20 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8182036
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; American; Autopsy; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Blood alcohol level measurement; Businesses; Cause of Death; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cessation of life; Characteristics; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Control Groups; Coroners and Medical Examiners; County; Data; Databases; Development; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Event; Firearms; Foundations; Gender; General Population; Goals; Individual; Industry; Ingestion; Intervention; Intoxication; Knowledge; Life; Link; Methods; Motor; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Population Characteristics; Population Control; Preparation; Prevalence; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Price; Probability; Public Health; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Risk Estimate; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Self-Injurious Behavior; Subgroup; Suicide; Suicide prevention; Surveys; System; Taxes; Testing; Time; Toxicology; United States; Variant; Violence; alcohol availability; alcohol involvement; alcohol use disorder; comparison group; density of AOD outlets; design; disorder prevention; drinking; male; men; public policy on alcohol; suicidal; suicidal risk; suicide mortality; suicide rate; treatment program; trend; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is a revision of R01 AA020063-01 that was reviewed in June 2010 by BGES. The revisions address methodological shortcomings. The project remains significant because suicide is a major national public health problem with about 30,000 deaths each year, representing the 11th leading overall cause of death and the 5th leading cause of years of potential life lost (YPLL) before age 65. Alcohol plays a key role in suicide and, indeed, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6,969 deaths and 235,865 YPLL resulted from alcohol-attributable suicides in 2001. Although alcohol use disorders and suicide have been intensively studied, there is comparatively little research on acute alcohol use and suicide (i.e., drinking prior to the event). Yet, data on acute alcohol use is essential for developing a comprehensive suicide prevention strategy. Research on toxicological characteristics of suicide decedents in the United States has been constrained by small samples and limited geographic coverage. This project will address these limitations using newly available data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), a large (47,398 suicide decedents in 2003-08) and demographically well-characterized database with toxicology information (blood alcohol concentration, BAC) as well as coroner and medical examiner reports pertaining to suicides. The project aims are as follows: (1) describe the epidemiology of blood-alcohol content among suicide decedents in the United States and among major subgroups defined by age, gender, and ethnicity; (2) compare BAC presence and levels at time of suicide to estimated BAC presence and levels in a matched general population control group; (3) examine blood-alcohol content presence and levels in relation to suicide involving different methods (e.g., firearm, hanging, or drug ingestion); and (4) test the effects of alcohol control policies on alcohol-related suicides compared to non-alcohol-related suicides. The project will also examine geographic and temporal variation among those who were and those who were not using alcohol at the time of suicide. The research is built on a multi-level framework in which counties are nested within states. Key environmental predictors will include data on population drinking patterns from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, alcohol availability indicators from the US Census Bureau Business and Industry Data, alcohol tax rates from the Tax Foundation, and firearm access indicators from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Documenting the alcohol-associated suicide mortality levels and trends over time, estimating the risk for the most commonly used method of suicide with alcohol involvement, and evaluating the effects of alcohol control policies on alcohol-positive suicides address fundamental gaps in the understanding of alcohol use in suicide with implications for the harmonization of alcohol policy and suicide prevention strategies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The project is highly relevant to public health because some 30,000 Americans die by suicide annually with many of those deaths related to alcohol. Unfortunately, little is known about the role of acute alcohol use in suicide. This study will provide valuable information about suicide related to acute alcohol use. In turn, the data will inform development of prevention and treatment programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案是R01 AA020063-01的修订版，该修订于2010年6月由BGES进行了审查。修订解决方法论缺陷。该项目仍然很重要，因为自杀是每年大约30,000人死亡的主要国家公共卫生问题，代表了第11个领先的总体死亡原因，以及65岁之前的潜在生命损失的第五个主要原因（YPLL）。饮酒在自杀中起着关键作用，实际上是疾病控制和预防中心，可造成6,969次死亡和2355 Ypl y-2355,865 yplib surited sultib in Collothib in truchs in collothib in truchs in Collothib。使用障碍和自杀已经进行了深入的研究，对急性饮酒和自杀的研究相对较少（即事件发生前的饮酒）。但是，有关急性饮酒的数据对于制定全面的自杀策略至关重要。美国自杀死者的毒理学特征的研究受到小样本和有限的地理覆盖范围的限制。该项目将使用来自国家暴力死亡报告系统（NVDRS）的新可用数据来解决这些限制，这是一个大型（2003 - 08年的47,398名自杀死者），以及具有毒理学信息（血液酒精浓度，BAC）以及冠心和医学检查的人口统计学良好的数据库以及冠状者和医疗检查员的报告。该项目的目的如下：（1）描述美国自杀死者以及由年龄，性别和种族定义的主要子群中的血液中酒精含量的流行病学； （2）将自杀时的BAC存在和水平与匹配的一般人群对照组中的BAC存在和估计的BAC存在和水平进行比较； （3）检查与涉及不同方法（例如枪支，吊死或摄入药物）的自杀有关的血液酒精含量的存在和水平； （4）与无酒精相关的自杀相比，测试酒精控制政策对酒精相关自杀的影响。该项目还将检查自杀时不使用酒精的人之间的地理和时间变化。该研究建立在多层框架上，该框架嵌套在州内。关键的环境预测因素将包括有关酒精和相关条件的国家流行病学调查，美国人口普查局商业和行业数据，税收基金会的酒精税率以及行为风险因素监测系统的枪支访问指标的数据。随着时间的流逝，记录与酒精相关的自杀死亡率水平和趋势，从而估计了最常用的自杀方法与酒精参与的自杀方法，并评估酒精控制政策对酒精阳性自杀的影响解决了对酒精使用中的基本差距的理解，对酒精使用中的理解含义，这意味着对酒精政策和自杀策略的协调含义。 公共卫生相关性：该项目与公共卫生高度相关，因为大约30,000名美国人每年自杀死亡，其中许多与酒精有关的死亡。不幸的是，关于急性饮酒在自杀中的作用知之甚少。这项研究将提供有关与急性饮酒有关的自杀的有价值信息。反过来，数据将为预防和治疗计划的发展提供信息。