Networks and normative influences on sex and drug-related HIV risk in black women

网络和规范对黑人女性性和毒品相关艾滋病毒风险的影响

• 批准号: 8770480
• 负责人: Karla D. Wagner
• 金额: $ 40.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8770480
• 关键词: AIDS population; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Address; African American; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; California; Caring; Characteristics; Cocaine; Communities; County; Development; Discrimination; Drug usage; Drug user; Epidemiology; Family member; Female; Focus Groups; Funding; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health Services Accessibility; Heterosexuals; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Influentials; Injection of therapeutic agent; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Maintenance; Medical; Methamphetamine; Methods; Network-based; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Population; Prevalence; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Route; Sampling; Sexual Partners; Social Network; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; Work; design; experience; health disparity; innovation; member; men who have sex with men; novel; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial disparity; response; secondary outcome; sex; sex risk; social; social norm; social stigma; substance abuser; trafficking; transmission process; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Black/African American Women (BAAW) are at elevated risk for HIV/AIDS through both heterosexual transmission and drug-related risk behavior. In San Diego County, California, BAAW account for 26% of all female HIV cases, despite only being 5% of the County population and the AIDS rate are almost eight times higher among BAAW in San Diego County than among white women. In response to RFA-DA-14-010, "HIV/AIDS and Substance Use among Black/African American Women and Young MSM," we will evaluate how BAAW's social network structure, social norms, and experiences and behaviors of influential social network contacts are associated with HIV status, HIV risk behavior, and history of HIV testing. In this innovative social- network study, we will use egocentric network methods to assess three levels of influence: 1) women's own behaviors, beliefs, and experiences, 2) the structure/composition of women's personal social networks and women's perceptions of their network member's behaviors, beliefs, and experiences, and 3) the actual behaviors, beliefs, and experiences of influential network members. The proposed study has the following specific aims: 1. Evaluate how social, sexual, and drug use network factors (e.g., network size, structure, composition, perceived norms) are associated with substance use, HIV risk behavior, and HIV testing among BAAW. 2. Determine the association between cultural beliefs, experiences, and behaviors of BAAW's network members and the behavior of BAAW, and determine accuracy of BAAW's perceptions of their network. 3. Identify targets for a social network intervention for BAAW designed to decrease risk behavior and increase uptake of HIV testing, and use qualitative focus groups to determine the acceptability and cultural appropriateness of a network-based intervention strategy. The proposed study also has the following exploratory aim: 4. Investigate the social network factors associated with HIV status and linkage to and retention in care among HIV+ BAAW. To accomplish these aims, we propose a mixed methods social network study with 100 at-risk, self-reported HIV-negative BAAW in San Diego, California and up to 500 of their social network contacts (total N=600). In Phase I we will use surveys and egocentric network interviews to assess individual and network characteristics reported by BAAW and their networks. In Phase II we will conduct focus groups to assess the acceptability of a social network-based intervention involving influential network members. The proposed research will advance the President's National HIV/AIDS Strategy to "reduce new infections, increase access to care, and reduce HIV-related health disparities."

描述（由申请人提供）：黑人/非洲裔美国妇女（BAAW）通过异性传播和与药物有关的风险行为均处于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的风险较高。在加利福尼亚州的圣地亚哥县，Baaw占所有女性艾滋病毒案件的26％，尽管在圣地亚哥县的Baaw中仅占县人口的5％，而在白人妇女中，艾滋病率几乎高出八倍。为了回应RFA-DA-14-010，“黑人/非裔美国妇女和年轻MSM之间的艾滋病毒/艾滋病和药物使用”，我们将评估Baaw的社交网络结构，社交规范以及有影响力的社交网络接触的经验和行为与HIV状况，HIV状况，HIV风险行为以及HIV测试的历史有关。在这项创新的社会网络研究中，我们将使用以上为中心的网络方法来评估三个级别的影响力：1）妇女的行为，信念和经验，2）2）妇女个人社交网络的结构/组成以及妇女对其网络成员行为，信念和经验的看法，以及3）实际的信念，信仰和经验的成员。拟议的研究具有以下具体目的：1。评估社会，性和药物使用网络因素（例如网络大小，结构，组成，感知规范）与Baaw之间的药物使用，HIV风险行为和HIV测试有关。 2。确定Baaw网络成员的文化信念，经验和行为与Baaw的行为之间的关联，并确定Baaw对其网络的看法的准确性。 3.确定针对BAAW的社交网络干预的目标，旨在降低风险行为并增加艾滋病毒测试的吸收，并使用定性焦点小组来确定基于网络的干预策略的可接受性和文化适用性。拟议的研究还具有以下探索目的：4。研究与HIV+ BAAW之间与HIV状况和联系和保留有关的社交网络因素。为了实现这些目标，我们提出了一项混合方法社交网络研究，其中100个在加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥的高风险，自我报告的HIV阴性Baaw以及多达500个社交网络联系人（总计n = 600）。在第一阶段，我们将使用调查和以Egentric网络访谈来评估Baaw及其网络报告的个人和网络特征。在第二阶段，我们将进行焦点小组，以评估涉及有影响力网络成员的基于社交网络的干预措施的可接受性。拟议的研究将推进总统的国家艾滋病毒/艾滋病战略，以“减少新的感染，增加医疗服务并减少与HIV相关的健康差异”。