MRI Imaging of the Corticostriatal and Hippocampal Systems in SLI

SLI 中皮质纹状体和海马系统的 MRI 成像

基本信息

批准号：
8854064
负责人：
James Bruce Tomblin
金额：
$ 18.71万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-01 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8854064
关键词：
Accounting Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Age Anisotropy Area Attention Basal Ganglia Behavioral Biological Factors Brain Brain imaging Child Cognitive Complex Consensus Coupled DRD2 gene Data Diffusion Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Disease Dopamine Dopamine Receptor Environmental Risk Factor Etiology Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Genes Genetic Research Globus Pallidus Health Hippocampus (Brain)Human Image Impairment Individual Individual Differences Intervention Language Language Development Language Development Disorders Learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Methods Nature Neurodevelopmental Disorder Nucleus Accumbens Participant Pathway interactions Performance Psychological reinforcement Receptor Gene Regression Analysis Relative (related person)Rest Role Sample Size Sampling School-Age Population Sensory State Interests Support System System Testing Thalamic structure Time Translations Variant base behavior measurement brain behavior caudate nucleus clinical application cognitive task follow-up imaging modality insight interest neuromechanism neuropsychiatry putamen research study specific language impairment white matter young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Role of the Corticostriatal System in Specific Language Impairment (SLI) Although the acquisition of language is nearly universal among humans, some are less adept than others. Poor acquisition of language is a common feature of many neuropsychiatric disorders; however, poor language development can occur in individuals who have no obvious causes as found in specific language impairment (SLI). SLI is a common neurodevelopmental disorder occurring in approximately 7 to 8% of school-age children that persists well into adulthood. The etiology of SLI is unknown; however, based on emerging behavioral evidence, the corticostriatal system that supports procedural and reinforcement learning may account for, at least in part, language learning difficulties in SLI. At this time, thre is little brain imaging data looking at the role of the corticostriatal system, subcortical structues in particular, in SLI. Thus, we have asked whether there is neuroanatomical and neurofunctional evidence showing that the corticostriatal system important to cognitive learning also contributes to individual differences in language. To address this question, the proposed project will follow up the findings from a recent pilot structural imaging study (SLI=12, Control=12) using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine the macrostructure and the microstructure of the basal ganglia and the thalamus, which are the primary subcortical components of the corticostriatal system. The pilot results provided strong evidence (effect sizes > 0.8) of differences in the relative volume and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the regions of interest between groups. In this proposed project, we will first expand on the pilot findings by increasing the sample size up to 35 participants per group (SLI, control), and extend the age range to adolescents, given that adolescence is a time of profound brain change. Then, we will compare structural and functional connectivity in the corticostriatal loops between adolescents with and without SLI by using diffusion tensor tractography and resting-state functional MRI. Last, we will examine the brain-behavior relationship in individuals with SLI to enhance the translation of brain findings to clinical applications. We hypothesize that individuals with SLI will show macrostructural and microstructural abnormality in the basal ganglia (in particular the putamen and the nucleus accumbens based on our pilot findings) and the thalamus. In addition, individuals with SLI will show altered white matter organization of the corticostriatal loops as well as abnormal functional synchrony of the basal ganglia with the cortical regions. We also hypothesize that individuals with SLI will have poor performance on cognitive tasks that have been well established to involve the corticostriatal loops, and the brain measures will predict language status and cognitive learning performance. Completion of the aims will bring insights into the role of the corticostriatal system in SLI. The proposed project wll have a positive impact on the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in language acquisition. 1

描述（由申请人提供）：皮质纹状体系统在特定语言障碍（SLI）中的作用，尽管语言的获取几乎在人类中是普遍的，但有些人比其他语言的熟练程度少。语言的获取不佳是许多神经精神疾病的共同特征。但是，在没有特定语言障碍（SLI）中没有明显原因的个体中，语言发展可能会发生不良。 SLI是在大约7至8％的学龄儿童中发生的常见神经发育障碍，一直持续到成年。 SLI的病因是未知的。但是，基于新兴的行为证据，支持程序和强化学习的皮质纹状体系统可能至少部分解释了SLI的语言学习困难。目前，这是小脑成像数据，研究皮质纹状体系统的作用，尤其是皮层结构，尤其是在SLI中。因此，我们询问是否有神经解剖学和神经功能的证据表明，对认知学习很重要的皮质纹状体系统也有助于语言的个体差异。为了解决这个问题，提出的项目将使用解剖学磁共振成像（MRI）和扩散张量张量成像（DTI）从最近的试验结构成像研究（SLI = 12，对照= 12）进行跟进结果，以检查基础神经节和丘脑的微观结构，是基础神经节和丘脑的微观结构。试点结果为组之间感兴趣区域的相对体积和分数各向异性（FA）的差异提供了有力的证据（效应大小> 0.8）。在这个拟议的项目中，我们将首先通过将样本量提高到每组最多35个参与者（SLI，对照），并将年龄范围扩展到青少年，因为青春期是大脑变化的深刻时期，我们将首先扩展。然后，我们将通过使用扩散张量拖拉术和静止状态功能性MRI来比较具有和没有SLI的青少年之间的皮质纹状体环中的结构和功能连通性。最后，我们将检查SLI个体的脑行为关系为了增强大脑发现向临床应用的翻译。我们假设患有SLI的个体将在基底神经节中显示宏观结构和微观结构异常（特别是根据我们的试点结果，cut虫和伏击核）和丘脑。此外，具有SLI的个体将显示皮质纹状体环的白质组织改变，以及基底神经节与皮质区域的异常功能同步。我们还假设SLI的个体在认知任务上的表现较差，这些任务已确定为涉及皮质纹状体环，而大脑则涉及皮质纹状体。措施将预测语言状态和认知学习绩效。目的的完成将带来对SLI皮质纹状体系统作用的见解。拟议的项目WLL对语言获取的个体差异的基础神经机制有积极影响。 1